Balochistan is a province of Pakistan that is home to a wide variety of birds. It is a region of high mountains, deep valleys, and rich grasslands, providing a unique habitat for a great variety of bird species.
The province is home to a large variety of species of raptors, such as the golden eagle, peregrine falcon, and bearded vulture, as well as a wide range of waterfowl, songbirds, and waders.
Balochistan is a major stopover point for migrating birds, and several species of birds, both resident and migratory, can be found in the province. These include the endangered saker falcon, imperial eagle, and Himalayan vulture, as well as a variety of other species.
With its diverse habitats and unique species of birds, Balochistan is an ideal destination for bird watching and conservation.
1. Bar-Headed Goose
The bar-headed goose is a species of goose that is found in Central Asia. It is known for forming large colonies which can number in the thousands near mountain lakes. During the winter months, it migrates to South Asia, even reaching as far south as peninsular India.
It builds its nests on the ground, and a single nest can contain anywhere from three to eight eggs. What truly sets this species apart, however, is its ability to migrate across the Himalayas at extraordinary altitudes.
This remarkable feat of endurance and strength is seldom seen in other species.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Anseriformes |
| Family | Anatidae |
| Genus | Anser |
| Species | A. indicus |
2. White-Headed Duck
The white-headed duck is a small, 45-cm-long, diving duck found throughout Europe, Asia and Africa. The male has a white head with a black crown, a blue bill, and reddish-grey plumage. The female has a dark bill and duller colouring.
It is a waterbird that prefers to live in shallow lakes with dense vegetation at the edge. It feeds mainly on aquatic plants, mollusks, and small fish.
During the breeding season, the white-headed duck builds a nest close to the water, typically a shallow depression lined with down feathers. The female lays around 8-10 eggs and both parents take part in raising the young.
The white-headed duck is an endangered species due to habitat destruction, pollution, and hunting. Conservation efforts are underway to protect and preserve this species.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Anseriformes |
| Family | Anatidae |
| Genus | Oxyura |
| Species | O. leucocephala |
3. Chukar
The chukar partridge is a species of bird which belongs to the family Phasianidae and is found in the Palearctic region. It has been classified as a superspecies, along with the rock partridge, Philby’s partridge and Przevalski’s partridge.
This means that the chukar partridge is closely related to each of the other species and was previously considered to be the same species as the rock partridge. The chukar partridge is an upland gamebird, meaning that it is hunted for sport.
It is also an important food source for many cultures and is often kept as a pet. The chukar partridge is known for its distinctive red beak and black and white feathers, and its loud call can be heard from some distance away.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Galliformes |
| Family | Phasianidae |
| Genus | Alectoris |
| Species | A. chukar |
4. Black Stork
The black stork is a species of large wading bird in the family Ciconiidae. It is characterized by its black plumage, long neck, and long, red legs. It was first described by the renowned Swedish biologist Carl Linnaeus in the 10th edition of his landmark work, Systema Naturae.
The black stork is found in wetlands and woodlands of Europe and Central Asia, as well as parts of Africa. This species feeds mainly on aquatic creatures such as fish, amphibians, reptiles, and invertebrates. It also consumes small animals such as birds and mammals.
The black stork has a wide wingspan and is a powerful flier. It is a solitary bird, often seen standing in shallow water or perched on branches above water. The black stork is a threatened species due to habitat loss, illegal hunting, and poisoning.
Conservation efforts are underway to protect this species and its habitat.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Ciconiiformes |
| Family | Ciconiidae |
| Genus | Ciconia |
| Species | C. nigra |
5. Black-Winged Stilt
The black-winged stilt is a species of wader in the avocet and stilt family, commonly found throughout the world. It is distinguished by its very long legs and its scientific name, H. himantopus.
It is a single species, which has a wide distribution due to its ability to inhabit a range of habitats from freshwater to coastal wetlands. The species has an omnivorous diet, consisting of aquatic invertebrates and small fish, as well as some plant material.
The black-winged stilt is an important species for avian conservation, as it acts as an indicator of the health of wetland habitats. It is also an important species for ecotourism, as its presence can attract tourists to wetlands.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Charadriiformes |
| Family | Recurvirostridae |
| Genus | Himantopus |
| Species | H. himantopus |
6. White Stork
The white stork is a majestic bird that belongs to the Ciconiidae family. It has a striking white plumage with patches of black on its wings. The adults have long red legs and a long pointed red beak, which further adds to its unique features.
On average, they measure from 100 to 115 cm from beak tip to end of tail and have a wingspan of 155 to 215 cm. The wingspan of the white stork is quite impressive, and it is capable of soaring in the sky for long periods of time.
The long legs of the white stork allow it to wade into shallow waters and quickly catch its prey. The white stork is a symbol of good luck and fertility in many cultures. It has been a part of many myths and legends throughout the centuries.
It is also a migratory bird and a large number of them can be seen traveling to the warmer regions of Europe and Africa during the winter months. The white stork is an important part of the ecosystem and plays an important role in controlling the rodent population.
It is a protected species in many countries and is enlisted in the list of endangered species. Conservation efforts are underway in many parts of the world to protect the white stork and ensure its survival.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Ciconiiformes |
| Family | Ciconiidae |
| Genus | Ciconia |
| Species | C. ciconia |
7. Crested Serpent Eagle
The crested serpent eagle is an impressive raptor that is widely distributed in tropical Asia. This medium-sized bird of prey is characterized by a striking silhouette, with a long and broad wingspan and a long tail.
Its upperparts are brownish-grey, while its underparts are mostly white, with sparse dark streaks.
The unique feature of this species is the crest of feathers on its head, which give it its name.The crested serpent eagle is typically found in forested habitats, where it hunts for a variety of small animals.
It mainly feeds on reptiles, such as snakes, lizards, and frogs, as well as occasionally on small mammals and birds.
It is known to be a powerful hunter and can often be seen perched on a tall tree, scanning the forest floor for potential prey. In spite of its impressive hunting capabilities, the crested serpent eagle is vulnerable to habitat destruction and other human activities.
As a result, its population is declining in many areas, prompting conservationists to take action. Scientists are now researching its ecology and population trends in order to better understand the threats facing this species and devise suitable conservation strategies.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Accipitriformes |
| Family | Accipitridae |
| Genus | Spilornis |
| Species | S. cheela |
8. Grebes
Grebes are a type of bird that are found in freshwater habitats all over the world. They are part of the order Podicipediformes, which includes ducks, swans, and geese. Grebes are known for their ability to dive into the water to catch their prey.
They are also proficient fliers, although some species are flightless. These flightless species are typically found in stable lakes where they are safe from predators. During migration and winter, some species of grebes may be found in marine habitats, such as oceans and seas.
Grebes have a wide range of sizes, with some species growing up to two feet long. They have long, pointed bills, webbed feet, and long necks. Their feathers are usually dark-colored and thick, helping to keep them warm and dry while diving.
Grebes are also excellent swimmers, using their long toes to propel them through the water.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Clade | Mirandornithes |
| Order | Podicipediformes |
| Family | Podicipedidae |
9. Greater Flamingo
The greater flamingo is a large and widespread species of flamingo.
It is native to parts of the Old World, including Northern and Sub-Saharan Africa, the Indian Subcontinent, the Middle East, the Levant, the Persian Gulf, the Gulf of Aden, the Red Sea, and countries in Southern Europe.
These areas are typically warm and humid, with large salt-water lakes, lagoons, and wetlands that provide the perfect habitat for these birds. The greater flamingo is the largest member of the flamingo family, standing up to four feet tall.
It is a very social species, found in large groups called “flocks”. Their diet consists mainly of small aquatic invertebrates, but they will also eat crustaceans, mollusks, and small fish.
Their distinctive pink coloration comes from the carotenoid-rich foods that they consume. The greater flamingo is an important species in many of the regions it inhabits. It is a symbol of beauty and grace, and its presence is often indicative of healthy ecosystems.
Unfortunately, their numbers have been declining due to habitat destruction, pollution, and over-hunting.
Conservation efforts have been put in place to help protect this unique species and its habitats so that future generations can continue to enjoy the beauty of the greater flamingo.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Phoenicopteriformes |
| Family | Phoenicopteridae |
| Genus | Phoenicopterus |
| Species | P. roseus |
10. Marbled Teal
The Marbled Duck, scientifically known as Marmaronetta angustirostris, is a species of duck found in many regions across the globe. It is of medium size, and can be found in places such as southern Europe, northern Africa, and western and central Asia.
The scientific name of the Marbled Duck is quite descriptive, as it comes from the Greek words marmaros, which means marbled, and netta, meaning duck. The Latin word angustus is used to describe the narrow or small bill of the Marbled Duck.
This name gives insight into the physical characteristics of the species, making it easier to identify. The Marbled Duck is typically gray-brown in color with white patches, giving it a marbled or speckled appearance.
It is also known to have a red bill and a brown or black head. The duck is also notable for having a short tail and long legs, which allows it to wade through shallow waters with ease. It feeds on aquatic vegetation such as algae and small invertebrates.
The Marbled Duck is an important species, as it plays a role in its local ecosystems. It provides food for other animals, while also helping to control insect populations. It is also a popular game bird, especially in southern Europe.
As a result, it is important to protect the Marbled Duck from overhunting and habitat loss.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Anseriformes |
| Family | Anatidae |
| Genus | Marmaronetta |
| Species | M. angustirostris |
11. Indian Spot-Billed Duck
The Indian spot-billed duck is a species of duck native to the Indian subcontinent. They are large in size and are non-migratory, meaning that they breed and stay in the same area year round. The ducks inhabit freshwater wetlands and prefer to live in shallow, marshy areas.
The name ‘spot-billed duck’ is derived from the distinctive red spot at the base of the bill, which is a feature of the mainland Indian population.
This species is an important part of the wetland ecosystem in the Indian subcontinent, as they help to maintain aquatic vegetation and provide food for other animals. They are also an important source of food for humans, as they are eaten by local people.
Conservation efforts for this species are ongoing, as they are threatened by habitat loss and hunting.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Anseriformes |
| Family | Anatidae |
| Genus | Anas |
| Species | A. poecilorhyncha |
12. Lesser Whistling Duck
The lesser whistling duck is a species of duck that is found in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. It is also known by many different names, such as Indian whistling duck and lesser whistling teal.
These ducks are nocturnal, meaning they feed at night and during the day they can often be seen in groups around lakes and wet paddy fields. They are a unique species of duck, as they produce a whistling sound that is different from the quacking sound of other duck species.
They are also known to be quite social, as they are often found in large groups and can be seen flying in formation. This species of duck is a unique and interesting addition to the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia and is beloved by many people in the area.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Anseriformes |
| Family | Anatidae |
| Genus | Dendrocygna |
| Species | D. javanica |
13. Tufted Duck
The Tufted Duck or Tufted Pochard is a small diving duck with a population of close to one million birds that can be found in northern Eurasia.
The scientific name for this species, Aythya fuligula, is derived from the Ancient Greek word aithuia, an unidentified seabird mentioned in writings by authors such as Hesychius and Aristotle, and from Latin words fuligo and gula, meaning “soot” and “throat”, respectively.
The Tufted Duck is easily identifiable by its distinctive tuft of feathers on its head, which is the source of its name. The plumage of the Tufted Duck is mostly dark brown with a white breast, and its bill is black and pointed.
The species is known to inhabit large ponds, lakes, and rivers, where it feeds on aquatic plants, insects, and small fish. The population of the Tufted Duck has been decreasing in recent years, primarily due to loss of habitat and overhunting.
Conservation efforts are underway to ensure that the species does not become extinct.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Anseriformes |
| Family | Anatidae |
| Genus | Aythya |
| Species | A. fuligula |
14. Himalayan Monal
The Himalayan monal, also known as the Impeyan monal or Impeyan pheasant, is a species of pheasant that is native to certain areas in the Himalayan region. This species is found at elevations of 2,100–4,500 m, and can be seen in forests and shrublands located in this region.
It belongs to the family Phasianidae, which includes many other types of birds. According to the IUCN Red List, the Himalayan monal is listed as Least Concern, meaning that it is not currently threatened with extinction.
The Himalayan monal is a stunningly beautiful species of bird, and it has become increasingly popular in recent years due to its striking colors. Its feathers are usually a combination of black, blue, green, and copper-red, and it has a long, fan-like tail.
The male Himalayan monal has an eye-catching crest on its head, which is used to attract females. The Himalayan monal is an omnivore, meaning it feeds on both plants and animals. Its diet includes fruits, seeds, invertebrates, and small mammals.
It is usually seen in pairs or small groups, as it is not a very social species. It is also known to be a great flyer, and it is capable of covering large distances in a short amount of time.
In conclusion, the Himalayan monal is a beautiful species of pheasant that is native to the Himalayan region. It is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List, and it is highly valued for its striking colors and long, fan-like tail.
This species is an omnivore, and it is usually seen in pairs or small groups. It is also a great flyer, and it can cover long distances in a short amount of time.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Galliformes |
| Family | Phasianidae |
| Genus | Lophophorus |
| Species | L. impejanus |
15. Cinereous Vulture
The cinereous vulture is a large bird of prey belonging to the Accipitridae family and is found in temperate areas of Eurasia. It is a scavenger bird, often seen feeding on carrion. It is one of the largest vultures, with a wingspan of up to 2.5 meters.
It has a distinctive black plumage, which is why it is also known as the black vulture, monk vulture, and Eurasian black vulture. Its long, broad wings help it soar over vast distances in search of food.
It is an important species in the ecosystem, helping to keep the environment clean by consuming carcasses.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Accipitriformes |
| Family | Accipitridae |
| Genus | Aegypius |
| Species | A. monachus |
16. Steppe Eagle
The Steppe Eagle is a large bird of prey that belongs to the family Accipitridae, which includes all eagles. This species is a member of the subfamily Aquilinae, which is also known as the “booted eagles”.
This is evident from the bird’s well-feathered legs, that are characteristic of this particular subfamily. The Steppe Eagle is a powerful bird of prey that is known to inhabit the steppes and semi-desert plains of Eurasia.
It typically preys on small mammals, such as hares, ground squirrels, and marmots. It also feeds on reptiles, small birds, insects, and carrion. The Steppe Eagle is a strong flyer and is capable of soaring to great heights.
It is an agile hunter, able to make sudden sharp turns in mid-air to catch its prey. The Steppe Eagle is also a very vocal bird. Its loud call is often heard in its natural habitat. The Steppe Eagle is a beautiful bird and its plumage is impressive.
Its wings are broad and its body is heavily muscled. Its head is generally white and its tail is banded with black and white. The Steppe Eagle is a powerful bird and is an impressive sight in flight.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Accipitriformes |
| Family | Accipitridae |
| Genus | Aquila |
| Species | A. nipalensis |
17. Rock Dove
The rock dove, also known as the rock pigeon or common pigeon, is a species of bird belonging to the family Columbidae. It is also commonly referred to simply as the “pigeon”.
The domestic pigeon is descended from this species and its populations have been increased significantly across the globe due to the escape of domestic pigeons that have become feral. This has resulted in large groups of wild pigeons in urban areas, as well as in rural habitats.
These birds form large flocks that can often be seen in parks and other open spaces. They are excellent flyers and are known for their ability to return home from long distances. They are also highly adaptive and can survive in a variety of environments.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Columbiformes |
| Family | Columbidae |
| Genus | Columba |
| Species | C. livia |
18. Little Grebe
The little grebe, also known as dabchick, is a small water bird belonging to the grebe family. Its scientific name, Tachybaptus ruficollis, comes from Ancient Greek and Latin words.
The genus Tachybaptus comes from the Greek words takhus, meaning “fast”, and bapto, meaning “to sink under”.
The specific name ruficollis is a combination of the Latin words rufus, meaning “red”, and collis, derived from Latin collum meaning “neck”, with the suffix -collis which means “-necked”. This refers to the red or chestnut-colored patch on the neck of the bird.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Podicipediformes |
| Family | Podicipedidae |
| Genus | Tachybaptus |
| Species | T. ruficollis |
19. See-See Partridge
The See-See Partridge is a species of gamebird belonging to the pheasant family, Phasianidae, of the order Galliformes. Galliformes are a type of bird characterized by heavy bodies, short legs, and long wings.
This particular species of partridge is native to a large region that stretches from southeast Turkey through Syria, Iraq, Iran, and Pakistan. It is found in a variety of habitats, including grasslands, shrublands, and woodlands.
The See-See Partridge is a medium-sized bird, typically measuring up to 35 cm in length and weighing up to 500 grams. Its plumage is typically a mottled brown and grey coloration, with a barred black and white tail.
This species is known for its distinctive call which consists of loud “see-see” noises, hence its common name. The See-See Partridge is an omnivorous species, feeding on a variety of plant and animal matter, including seeds, fruits, insects, and small vertebrates.
The female typically lays three to six eggs in a shallow nest on the ground, which are incubated by both sexes. This species is generally considered to be of least concern in terms of conservation since it is still widespread and abundant across its range.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Galliformes |
| Family | Phasianidae |
| Genus | Ammoperdix |
| Species | A. griseogularis |
20. Common Pochard
The Common Pochard (Aythya ferina) is a medium-sized diving duck found in northern Europe and Asia. The scientific name of this species is derived from two ancient languages, Greek and Latin.
The Greek word ‘aithuia’ is used to describe an unidentified seabird, which has been mentioned by authors such as Hesychius and Aristotle. The Latin word ‘ferina’ is derived from ‘ferus’, which means ‘wild’, and can be translated to ‘wild game’.
This name reflects the duck’s wild and free nature, and its ability to survive in the natural environment. The Common Pochard is a hardy species that is capable of diving for food and is very well adapted to life in the wild.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Anseriformes |
| Family | Anatidae |
| Genus | Aythya |
| Species | A. ferina |
21. Common Shelduck
The common shelduck is a species of waterfowl from the Tadorna genus, and is found throughout much of the Euro-Siberian region of the Palearctic. They typically breed in temperate areas during the summer months and spend the winter in subtropical regions.
During the winter they can also be found in the Maghreb region. They are a fairly widespread and common species in this area and are thus easily seen in wetland habitats during the breeding season.
In terms of physical characteristics, the common shelduck is a large, stocky bird, with a glossy, dark brown head and neck, white underparts, and a bright orange-red bill. They also have a distinctive white tail with a black band at the tip, and long, strong legs.
They have a loud, distinctive call, which is often heard during the breeding season. The common shelduck is a highly social species, typically seen in large flocks of up to several hundred birds.
They are also highly territorial, and will aggressively defend their breeding territories. They feed mainly on aquatic invertebrates, but will also take small fish, amphibians, molluscs, and plant material.
The common shelduck is listed as a species of least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and is not currently threatened. However, it is important to protect their wetland habitats, as these are essential for the species to survive.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Anseriformes |
| Family | Anatidae |
| Genus | Tadorna |
| Species | T. tadorna |
22. Gadwall
The gadwall is a species of dabbling duck in the family Anatidae and is native to much of the Northern Hemisphere. It is a medium-sized duck, measuring between 17 and 22 inches in length and weighing between 2 and 2.4 pounds.
The gadwall has a grayish-brown body with a white head and a yellow bill. Its wings are light gray, and its tail is black. It has a distinctive white patch on its rump.
The gadwall is a common and widespread species, found in a variety of freshwater habitats including lakes, ponds, marshes, and rivers. It is also found in brackish wetlands and coastal areas.
It feeds mainly on aquatic plants, but will also eat insects, small crustaceans, and molluscs. It often feeds by dabbling at the surface of the water or grazing on land. The gadwall is a social species and often forms large flocks.
During the breeding season, pairs form and nest close to water. The female lays a clutch of 8-12 eggs, which she incubates for about three weeks. Both parents help to raise the young, which fledge at about 8 weeks of age.
The gadwall is an important game bird in many parts of its range. It is also hunted for its meat and eggs. Despite this, its population remains relatively stable, and it is not considered to be a threatened species.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Anseriformes |
| Family | Anatidae |
| Genus | Mareca |
| Species | M. strepera |
Conclusion
Birds play an important role in Balochistan, as they provide food for other animals, help to pollinate plants and contribute to local ecosystems. While there are still many species of birds in Balochistan, some are becoming rare due to poaching and habitat destruction.
Conservation efforts are needed to ensure that these unique birds, and the ecosystems they inhabit, will remain healthy and vibrant for future generations.