The province of Caylloma is home to a wide variety of birds, with over 350 species in the region. This region is especially well-known for its endemic species, such as the Giant Coot, the Andean Ibis, the Puna Ibis, and the Andean Flicker.
Caylloma also hosts some of the most colorful and exotic birds in Peru, including the Andean Cock-of-the-rock, the Andean Flamingo, and the Band-tailed Seedeater.
This makes the area a popular spot for birdwatchers, as the variety of birds in the region offers an unforgettable experience.
16 Birds to Watch in Caylloma
Caylloma is a province in the Arequipa region of Peru, located in the Andes mountains. It is a land of contrasts, with snow-capped peaks, volcanoes, lakes, rivers, and valleys. It is also a land of biodiversity, with over 350 species of birds recorded in the area.
Some of these birds are endemic to Peru, meaning they are found nowhere else in the world. Others are rare, endangered, or spectacular in their appearance or behavior.
Here are 16 birds that you should watch out for if you visit Caylloma.
1. Groove-billed Ani
The groove-billed is a unique tropical bird that belongs to the cuckoo family. It is characterized by its long tail and sizeable curved beak.
This species is found across a vast geographical area, stretching from Texas and Mexico north to Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, and Peru south.
It is a resident species throughout its range, meaning it does not migrate and stays in one place all year. The groove-billed is mainly found in tropical and subtropical forests but can also be seen in other habitats such as grasslands and savannas.
It feeds on insects, fruit, and other small animals, and it is known to be quite vocal, often making a loud call at dawn and dusk.
This species is usually found in small groups, forming strong pair bonds with its mate. The groove-billed is listed as a species of minor Concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature due to its large population and wide range.
However, deforestation and other human activities may be causing a decline in its population. Thus, it is essential to continue monitoring its population to ensure long-term survival.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Cuculiformes |
| Family | Cuculidae |
| Genus | Crotophaga |
| Species | C. sulcirostris |
2. Pied-billed Grebe
The Pied-billed Grebe is a species of the Grebe family of birds found primarily in ponds throughout the Americas. It is the sole surviving member of the genus Podilymbus, a distinction it achieved after the extinction of the Atitlán grebe.
This species of water bird has a unique bill, which is black at the base and light gray at the tip, and is also marked with a white stripe that runs vertically down the center.
As its name suggests, the Pied-Billed Grebe has a distinctive bill that is both pied – or black and white – and billed. The Pied-billed Grebe is a small bird, measuring around 16 to 20 inches long, with a wingspan of up to two feet.
Its feathers are dark brown and gray, with a white throat, breast, and belly. The bird also has bright yellow eyes and a short, stubby tail. The Pied-billed Grebe is an aquatic bird found in freshwater ponds and wetlands.
It is an excellent swimmer and can dive underwater for small fish, crustaceans, and other aquatic creatures.
The bird is also known to construct floating nests to lay its eggs. The Pied-billed Grebe is a unique species of bird that has adapted to its environment over time, making it a valuable part of the aquatic ecosystem.
Its distinct bill, small size, and aquatic lifestyle all help to make it a fascinating bird species.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Podicipediformes |
| Family | Podicipedidae |
| Genus | Podilymbus |
| Species | P. podiceps |
3. Andean Potoo
The Andean potoo is a species of bird belonging to the family Nyctibiidae. It is native to the Andes mountain range and can be found in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.
This species of bird is nocturnal, meaning it is active at night and rest most of the day. Its distinctive call is a single, plaintive “poooooo,” which can be heard echoing across the Andes.
The Andean potoo is a medium-sized bird with a gray-brown body and a black mask across its face. It has a long, slightly curved bill and a long tail. Its diet consists of moths, beetles, and other insects, which it hunts at night.
The Andean potoo is a relatively uncommon species listed as “Near Threatened” on the IUCN Red List. Conservation efforts are being undertaken to protect its habitat and ensure its long-term survival.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Clade | Strisores |
| Order | Nyctibiiformes |
| Family | Nyctibiidae |
| Genus | Nyctibius |
| Species | N. maculosus |
4. Black-bellied Whistling Duck
The black-bellied whistling duck is a species of whistling duck that typically breeds in the southernmost regions of the United States, Mexico, and Central to South-Central South America.
This duck is recognizable due to its black belly and whistling call, which can be heard from a distance. It is also known as the black-bellied tree duck.
Before 2000, this species was mainly found in these areas, but it has been seen in much of the United States year-round over the past two decades. This is likely due to climate change and the duck’s ability to adapt to its environment.
It is an omnivore and feeds on various plants, such as grasses, grains, and aquatic vegetation. In addition, it will also consume small insects, crustaceans, and mollusks.
This species is considered of least Concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and is usually found in flocks of up to 50 individuals.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Anseriformes |
| Family | Anatidae |
| Genus | Dendrocygna |
| Species | D. autumnalis |
5. Red-billed Tropicbird
The red-billed tropicbird is a type of seabird found in tropical oceans. It has a unique and striking appearance that can be likened to a tern, with primarily white plumage and some dark markings on the wings and back.
It has a black mask and a bright red bill, which gives the bird its name. The red-billed tropicbird is one of three closely related seabird species, all inhabiting tropical oceans.
Despite being part of the same species, each bird has slightly different characteristics, such as coloration and size. The red-billed tropicbird is the smallest among the three, measuring an average of 28 inches in length.
Its wingspan is also the smallest of the three, ranging from 40 to 46 inches. The red-billed tropicbird is an agile flyer, able to maneuver quickly and gracefully in the air. It is also capable of diving at great depths in search of food.
Its diet consists mainly of fish, squid, and other marine creatures.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Phaethontiformes |
| Family | Phaethontidae |
| Genus | Phaethon |
| Species | P. aethereus |
6. Southern Giant Petrel
The southern giant petrel is a large seabird inhabiting the southern hemisphere’s oceans. Several names know it, including Antarctic Giant Petrel, Giant Fulmar, stinker, and Stinkpot.
This species has an extensive range that overlaps with the northern giant petrel, though it tends to be concentrated further south.
Its range stretches from the Antarctic in the far south to the coasts of New Zealand, Australia, Africa, and the sub-Antarctic islands, with some sightings as far north as the coasts of South America.
It has adapted to various habitats – the open ocean, coastal areas, and islands – and has a diet of fish, squid, and carrion. Its plumage is primarily white, with dark gray wings and a distinctive black patch on its forehead.
The southern giant petrel is the largest species of fulmar, with a wingspan of up to two meters. It is a formidable predator in the ocean, using its sharp bill to snatch its prey from the water.
It is also a vocal bird, with various calls that can be heard long distances.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Procellariiformes |
| Family | Procellariidae |
| Genus | Macronectes |
| Species | M. giganteus |
7. Razor-billed Curassow
The razor-billed curassow is a type of bird belonging to the family Cracidae, comprised of various species such as chachalacas, guans, and curassows. This bird species is native to Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Peru, and South American countries.
It is a large bird, typically measuring between 60 and 70 centimeters long, with a distinctive blue head, chest, and a sharp, black bill.
The razor-billed curassow is an omnivore, meaning that it will feed on both plants and animals and is known to inhabit the tropical rainforest of its native range. It is also a social bird, often seen in groups during the day, foraging for food on the forest floor.
Due to its popularity among hunters, the razor-billed curassow is listed as a vulnerable species and is in danger of becoming extinct if its population continues to decline.
To protect this beautiful bird, conservation efforts must ensure its natural habitat is preserved and its numbers are kept stable.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Galliformes |
| Family | Cracidae |
| Genus | Mitu |
| Species | M. tuberosum |
8. White-collared Swift
The white-collared swift is an aerial species of bird found in many parts of the Americas. It belongs to the subfamily Cypseloidinae of the swift family Apodidae.
This bird species is native to Mexico, the Greater and Lesser Antilles, Trinidad, and all countries in mainland South America except Uruguay.
This bird is distinguishable from other swifts by its white collar contrasting with its body’s black and grey. White-collared swifts are often found near mountains and cliffs, as they prefer to nest in such areas. They are migratory birds traveling south for the winter.
They can be found in much of North and South America during the summer. They can soar high in the sky, and their long, pointed wings make them very adept at flying. Their diet consists mainly of flying insects, which they catch in mid-air.
White-collared swifts are also known to eat fruit, berries, and nectar.
They build their nests in the cracks and crevices of cliffs and mountains and usually lay two or three eggs. White-collared swifts are an essential part of the ecosystem, as they help to keep insect populations in check.
They are also crucial to the local economy, attracting many birdwatchers. They are listed as Least Concern on the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Clade | Strisores |
| Order | Apodiformes |
| Family | Apodidae |
| Genus | Streptoprocne |
| Species | S. zonaris |
9. Grey Plover
The grey plover is a species of shorebird found in many parts of the world. It is also known as the black-bellied plover in North America. This species is quite large and is native to the Arctic regions where it breeds.
During the non-breeding season, it is known to have a nearly worldwide coastal distribution. The grey plover is a long-distance migrant, making long journeys between its breeding and non-breeding grounds.
It can be found in the Arctic regions during the breeding season, while during the non-breeding season, it can be found in coastal areas worldwide. The grey plover is an essential species of shorebird that plays a vital role in the global ecosystem.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Charadriiformes |
| Family | Charadriidae |
| Genus | Pluvialis |
| Species | P. squatarola |
10. Magnificent Frigatebird
The magnificent frigatebird is a stunning seabird that belongs to the frigatebird family Fregatidae. It is a large bird with a body length of 89–114 centimeters and a wingspan that can reach a remarkable 2.17–2.44 meters.
This makes it the largest species of frigatebird, with a size that towers over its relatives. The magnificent frigatebird, with its long wings and forked tail, is an impressive sight in the air.
Its impressive size and gracefulness have made it a famous sight in many coastal areas worldwide. It is also a powerful flier, capable of soaring long distances over the open ocean and taking advantage of strong winds to assist in its travels.
The magnificent frigatebird is an integral part of the seabird community, helping balance small fish and other animal populations.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Suliformes |
| Family | Fregatidae |
| Genus | Fregata |
| Species | F. magnificens |
11. Andean Flamingo
The Andean flamingo is an impressive species native to the Andes mountains of South America. It was classified in the genus Phoenicopterus until 2014.
However, recent research has placed this species in the new genus Phoenicoparrus and James’s flamingo. This new classification suggests that the two species are closely related and may have descended from a common ancestor.
The Andean flamingo has a striking coloration, with bright pink feathers on its body and white feathers on its wings. It also has a long neck and bill, which it uses to filter out small invertebrates from the water.
The Andean flamingo is known to inhabit both saline and freshwater wetlands, and it is an essential species for the local ecology. Its presence helps to maintain a healthy balance of nutrients in the water, which can benefit other species.
The Andean flamingo is an iconic species of South America, and it is essential to protect its habitats to ensure its survival. It also symbolizes the region’s rich natural beauty and diverse wildlife.
By understanding more about this species, conservation efforts can be made to ensure its continued presence in the Andes mountains.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Phoenicopteriformes |
| Family | Phoenicopteridae |
| Genus | Phoenicoparrus |
| Species | P. andinus |
12. Chimney Swift
The Chimney Swift is a bird native to North America, belonging to the swift family Apodidae. It is a member of the genus Chaetura, which includes other species such as the Vaux’s Swift and the Chapman’s Swift.
Historically, the three species were often grouped as the same species due to their similar physical characteristics. However, they are considered separate species today, and the Chimney Swift has no subspecies.
This species is easily identifiable by its distinct, cigar-shaped body and dark grey and brown coloring.
They are mainly found in Eastern and Central parts of North America and are known for their unique ability to nest and roost in chimneys and other narrow crevices like barns and bridges.
The Chimney Swift is an integral part of the ecosystem, consuming large quantities of flying insects and providing food for other species of birds.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Clade | Strisores |
| Order | Apodiformes |
| Family | Apodidae |
| Genus | Chaetura |
| Species | C. pelagica |
13. Sora
The sora is a small waterbird belonging to the bird family Rallidae, also known as sora rail or crake. This bird can be found in many parts of North America. Its scientific name, Porzana, is derived from the Venetian language, which means small rails.
The specific Carolina in its name comes from the Carolina Colony, now the southeastern United States. The sora is a small bird with a slender body and short bill. It has a brownish-gray upper body, a white belly, and a dark throat.
Its wings are short and rounded, and it has a black and white barred tail. The sora is usually found in shallow wetlands, such as marshes, ponds, and swamps. They feed on insects, worms, and other small aquatic animals.
The sora is a social bird often seen in large flocks. They are most active during the day and can be heard making various calls. During the breeding season, the male sora will perform a courtship display, which includes wing flicking, tail fanning, and bowing.
The sora is an important species as it helps keep the wetland ecosystems healthy by eating aquatic insects and other small animals, which helps keep the water clean and free of pests. They are also a valuable food source for other animals, such as birds of prey.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Gruiformes |
| Family | Rallidae |
| Genus | Porzana |
| Species | P. carolina |
14. Blue-throated Piping Guan
The blue-throated piping guan is a majestic bird species that is part of the subfamily Penelopina of the family Cracidae. This family includes guans, chachalacas, and curassows.
This bird is found in many countries, including Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, the Guianas, Peru, and Venezuela. This bird is considered a medium-sized guan, with males reaching up to 65 cm in length and females reaching up to 55 cm.
Their plumage is a glossy green, with a bright blue throat and forehead. They have a distinctive red bill with a yellow band around the base. The wings are black, with white edging. The blue-throated piping guan is usually found in humid forests and woodlands.
They are omnivorous, feasting on fruits, insects, and small animals. They are also known to frequent agricultural fields in search of food. This bird species is considered the least Concerning by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
This is because their population has been stable over the past few decades. They are relatively widespread and have large ranges, making them resilient to most threats. The blue-throated piping guan is a beautiful bird species found in an extensive range of countries.
They are considered to be of least Concern by the IUCN, making them a species worth protecting for future generations.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Galliformes |
| Family | Cracidae |
| Genus | Pipile |
| Species | P. cumanensis |
15. Grey Tinamou
The grey tinamou is a species of bird found predominantly in South America. It is a ground-dwelling bird, meaning it prefers to live and forage on the ground rather than in trees or other elevated places.
It is a relatively small bird, growing to a length of around 30 cm and typically having mottled grey and brown feathers. Four subspecies of the grey tinamou have been recognized within the scientific community.
These are the white-bellied tinamou (Crypturellus cinereus cinereus), the red-legged tinamou (Crypturellus erythropus), the dwarf tinamou (Crypturellus nanus) and the Chocó tinamou (Crypturellus kerriae).
These subspecies are found across various habitats in South America, including tropical forests, scrubland, and grasslands.
The grey tinamou is an omnivorous species, meaning that it will feed on various foods, including fruits, seeds, insects, and other small invertebrates. It is generally a solitary bird, although small flocks may form during the breeding season.
Breeding occurs during the summer, and the female typically lays two eggs, which both parents incubate.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Tinamiformes |
| Family | Tinamidae |
| Genus | Tinamus |
| Species | T. tao |
16. Rufous-breasted Wood-Quail
The Rufous-breasted wood quail is a unique bird species that belongs to the Odontophoridae family. It is native to Bolivia, Ecuador, and Peru and is mainly found in the eastern Andes mountain range at an altitude of 800-2000m.
This species of quail has adapted to living in subtropical and tropical moist montane forests, characterized by high humidity and rainfall.
Due to its wide range and stable population, the Rufous-breasted wood quail has been listed as a minor Concern on the IUCN Red List, meaning it is not currently facing any significant threats.
However, due to the changing climate, the species’ natural habitat is being threatened, and it is essential to ensure that its habitat is preserved to protect this species.
In addition, human activities such as logging, hunting, and mining can negatively impact the ability to take measures to minimize these activities to protect treated wood quail.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Galliformes |
| Family | Odontophoridae |
| Genus | Odontophorus |
| Species | O. speciosus |
Conclusion
Birds in Caylloma are an essential part of the local ecology and provide an excellent bird-watching opportunity. They can be seen in various habitats, from high-altitude grasslands to tropical forests.
Many of these species are threatened or endangered due to habitat destruction and other human activities.
Therefore, protecting them and their habitats is essential to conserve this unique and diverse avian community.