Welcome to Lucca, a beautiful region of Italy known for its stunning landscapes and vibrant wildlife. One of the most remarkable features of this Italian region is its vast variety of birds.
From the majestic Golden Eagle to the diminutive Firecrest, Lucca’s skies are home to an incredible array of avian species. Whether you’re a seasoned birder or a first-time birdwatcher, you’ll be delighted by the many species of birds to be found in Lucca.
From soaring raptors to colorful songbirds, there’s something for everyone!
1. Common Wood Pigeon
The common wood pigeon is a species of bird belonging to the dove and pigeon family. It is native to the western Palearctic region, which comprises many countries in Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East.
It is a large bird, with a wingspan of up to one meter and a body length of around 40 centimeters.
It has a distinctive white patch on its neck and a grey body with black markings.The wood pigeon belongs to the genus Columba, which contains other closely related species such as the rock dove.
This is a large genus with many different species, some of which are found in other parts of the world. The wood pigeon is a common species, found in parks, gardens, and woodlands throughout its range.
It feeds mainly on seeds and other plant material, and can often be seen scavenging in urban areas. It is also a popular game bird, hunted for sport in some countries.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Columbiformes |
| Family | Columbidae |
| Genus | Columba |
| Species | C. palumbus |
2. Eurasian Collared Dove
The Eurasian collared dove is a species of dove that is native to Europe and Asia and is characterized by distinctive white collars on the front of their neck.
This species was introduced to Japan, North America, and islands in the Caribbean, where it has since become a familiar sight in many urban and suburban habitats. It has adapted well to many different habitats, from woodlands to parks, and is often found around human habitation.
The Eurasian collared dove is a medium-sized bird that is greyish-brown in color and grows to a length of around 32 centimeters. Its wingspan is typically around 46 centimeters and the species is known to have a bold, direct flight pattern.
It is generally a solitary bird but may form flocks with other dove species. The Eurasian collared dove is a ground-feeding species, eating seeds, berries, and other fruits, as well as insects and other invertebrates.
It is most active during the day and can often be seen perched atop trees, telephone lines, and other high points.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Columbiformes |
| Family | Columbidae |
| Genus | Streptopelia |
| Species | S. decaocto |
3. Common Swift
The common swift is a medium-sized bird that appears similar to the barn swallow or house martin, though it is larger than these two passerine species.
The resemblances between the swift and the barn swallow or house martin are not due to any kind of shared ancestry, but instead are the result of a process known as convergent evolution.
Convergent evolution is when two unrelated species, living in similar environments, evolve similar traits in order to adapt to their surroundings.
In this particular case, the common swift and the barn swallow or house martin have adapted similar traits in order to survive and flourish in similar environments. This explains why they appear to be similar even though they are not actually related.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Clade | Strisores |
| Order | Apodiformes |
| Family | Apodidae |
| Genus | Apus |
| Species | A. apus |
4. White Stork
The White Stork is a majestic bird belonging to the Ciconiidae family. Its striking white plumage is interlaced with black markings on its wings, giving it a unique and eye-catching look. Adults of this species have very long red legs and a long, pointed red beak.
They typically measure anywhere from 100 to 115 cm from beak tip to end of tail, and have a wingspan of between 155 to 215 cm. This combination of size and color makes them truly stand out in the bird world.
The White Stork is a magnificent species, and a joy to observe in its natural habitat.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Ciconiiformes |
| Family | Ciconiidae |
| Genus | Ciconia |
| Species | C. ciconia |
5. Rock Dove
The rock dove, rock pigeon, or common pigeon is a species of bird that belongs to the family Columbidae. It is one of the most common birds in the world, and is widely known simply as the pigeon.
The pigeon is actually a domesticated version of this species, as it has been selectively bred by humans for centuries. As a result, feral pigeons – wild birds descended from domestic pigeons – can now be found all over the world.
These birds are the descendants of pigeons that have escaped from domestication and have adapted to living in the wild. Feral pigeons are typically found in cities and other urban areas, where they often nest in public places such as buildings and bridges.
They are able to survive in these environments because of their ability to find food and shelter, as well as their adaptability to human activity.
In fact, some cities even have large populations of feral pigeons, which can create a nuisance as they can be seen scavenging for food and nesting in public areas.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Columbiformes |
| Family | Columbidae |
| Genus | Columba |
| Species | C. livia |
6. European Turtle Dove
The European turtle dove is a species of bird that belongs to the Columbidae family, which includes doves and pigeons. It is native to a wide range of areas in the southwestern Palearctic, including North Africa.
During the winter season, the European turtle dove migrates to the northern sub-Saharan region of Africa. This migration is necessary for the bird to survive, as it allows them to take advantage of the warmer temperatures and abundant food sources in the sub-Saharan region.
The European turtle dove is a distinctive species due to its coloration. It has a greyish-brown back, with a white patch on its throat and black spots on its wings. Its belly is white and its tail has a distinctive fan-like shape.
It is a relatively small bird, with an average wingspan of around 28 cm. The European turtle dove is a ground-nesting bird, preferring to nest in small patches of low vegetation or on the ground. It feeds mainly on seeds, which it obtains from the ground or from trees.
It also feeds on insects and other small invertebrates. The European turtle dove is an important species for local ecosystems, as it helps to disperse seeds and pollen of various plants.
It is also an important species for birdwatchers, as it is a relatively easy species to spot due to its distinctive coloration. Unfortunately, the population of this species has been declining in recent years due to loss of habitat and other human-related activities.
If this trend is not reversed, the European turtle dove may soon be in danger of extinction.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Columbiformes |
| Family | Columbidae |
| Genus | Streptopelia |
| Species | S. turtur |
7. Stock Dove
The stock dove, or stock pigeon, is a species of bird in the family Columbidae. This family includes doves and pigeons, and the stock dove is a member of this family.
The stock dove is found in many parts of the western Palearctic, which is a term used to describe the geographical area that includes Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East.
This species of bird is quite common in the area, and can be identified by its grey feathers, white throat patch, and its short bill. The stock dove is a fairly large bird, but is smaller than other doves and pigeons that are found in the same region.
It is a sociable bird, often forming large flocks in the winter and summer months. The stock dove is a strong flyer, and can be seen soaring over open fields, woodlands, and even urban areas.
The stock dove is also known for its distinctive ‘cooing’ call, which is often heard in the early morning and late evening.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Columbiformes |
| Family | Columbidae |
| Genus | Columba |
| Species | C. oenas |
8. Cuculus Canorus
The common cuckoo is a species of bird belonging to the Cuculiformes order, which includes a variety of other birds like roadrunners, anis, and coucals.
This species is found all over the world and has a migratory pattern that sees it spend summers in Europe and Asia, and winters in Africa. The common cuckoo is one of the most widespread species of birds on the planet, and it has a very distinct look.
It has a greyish-brown body with creamy-white undersides, and a long tail. Its most recognizable feature is its call, which is a loud, distinctive ‘coo-coo’.The common cuckoo is an insectivore, and its diet mainly consists of flying insects.
During the summer months, it can be seen hovering over fields and meadows, searching for its prey. It also feeds on berries and other fruits, which it finds in trees and shrubs. The common cuckoo is a solitary bird, and it spends most of its time alone.
It is not a very social species, and it is usually seen alone or in small groups. It is also an excellent flier, and it can travel long distances in search of food and a suitable nesting site.
The common cuckoo is an important species in many cultures, and it has been featured in various works of literature and art. It is also a symbol of luck and good fortune in many cultures, and its distinctive call is said to bring good luck.
Overall, the common cuckoo is an interesting and important species of bird. It’s migratory pattern and distinct look make it a unique species, and its cultural significance makes it an important part of many cultures.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Cuculiformes |
| Family | Cuculidae |
| Genus | Cuculus |
| Species | C. canorus |
9. Grey Heron
The grey heron is a large and graceful bird that is native to a wide range of habitats across Europe, Asia and parts of Africa. It is part of the heron family, Ardeidae, and is easily identifiable by its long legs and grey feathers.
This species is resident in much of its range, meaning that it stays in the same place all year round. However, some populations from northern regions migrate southwards during the autumn to spend their winters in warmer climates.
This is an important adaptation that helps them to survive the cold winter months. The grey heron is a fascinating species and an integral part of many wetland and waterway ecosystems.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Pelecaniformes |
| Family | Ardeidae |
| Genus | Ardea |
| Species | A. cinerea |
10. Common Shelduck
The common shelduck is a species of waterfowl that belongs to the Tadorna genus. It is a widespread species and is commonly found throughout the Euro-Siberian region of the Palearctic. This species typically breeds in temperate climates and winters in subtropical regions.
During the winter months, it can also be found in the Maghreb, which is located in northern Africa. The common shelduck is a fairly large-bodied duck, with a white body and chestnut-brown head and upper neck.
This species is mostly found near the coast, in coastal bays, estuaries, salt marshes, and inland wetlands. It is an omnivorous species, feeding on both aquatic and terrestrial vegetation as well as insects, crustaceans, mollusks, and worms.
The common shelduck is a species of conservation concern, as it is facing a decline in population due to habitat loss, hunting, and pollution.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Anseriformes |
| Family | Anatidae |
| Genus | Tadorna |
| Species | T. tadorna |
11. Water Rail
The water rail is a species of bird which belongs to the rail family. It is found throughout Europe, Asia, and North Africa, typically in wetlands which are densely vegetated. These areas provide a suitable environment for the water rail to breed.
In the northern and eastern regions, the species is migratory and only makes temporary appearances. In contrast, the water rail is a permanent resident in the warmer parts of its breeding range.
This allows the bird to find suitable habitats year-round and gives it the ability to breed in these areas at any time. The presence of the water rail in these areas is an important part of maintaining the balance of the local ecosystems.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Gruiformes |
| Family | Rallidae |
| Genus | Rallus |
| Species | R. aquaticus |
12. Little Egret
The little egret is a species of small heron found in the Ardeidae family of birds. It is known for its striking white plumage and slender black beak. Its long black legs are a distinct feature, and the western race of the species is identified by its yellow feet.
It prefers to inhabit both aquatic and terrestrial environments, and its diet consists mainly of small aquatic creatures. The little egret is a graceful and elegant bird, and its presence is a welcome sight in many areas.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Pelecaniformes |
| Family | Ardeidae |
| Genus | Egretta |
| Species | E. garzetta |
13. Cattle Egret
The cattle egret is a species of heron that is found in many different habitats around the world. It is native to tropical and subtropical regions, as well as warm temperate zones.
It is the only species within its genus, Bubulcus, although some experts believe there are two distinct subspecies: the western cattle egret and the eastern cattle egret.
These two subspecies have physical characteristics that distinguish them from each other, such as the size and shape of their beaks. The eastern cattle egret is generally larger than the western cattle egret.
They both live in similar habitats, such as wetlands, grasslands, and pastures, but the eastern species is more widespread in its range. The cattle egret is a social bird that typically lives in groups, with each group having its own hierarchy and social structure.
They mainly feed on insects, frogs, and other small prey. They are also known to follow large animals, such as cattle, to feed on the insects that are disturbed by the animals’ movement.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Pelecaniformes |
| Family | Ardeidae |
| Genus | Bubulcus |
| Species | B. ibis |
14. Ardea Alba
The great egret is a species of large white heron that is found in many parts of the world. It is also commonly known as the common egret, large egret, or great white egret.
There are four different subspecies of the great egret that can be found in Asia, Africa, the Americas, and southern Europe.
In recent years, it has begun to move into more northern areas of Europe as well. This species of heron is easy to identify due to its large size and its white feathers. It stands tall, with a wingspan of up to five feet and a height of four feet.
Its white feathers are complemented by a yellow bill, black legs, and black feet. The great egret feeds mainly on fish and other aquatic animals, and can often be seen hunting in shallow waters. The great egret is a species that is well-known for its beauty and grace.
It is often seen perched atop a tree or in a marsh, its long neck and long legs allowing it to easily spot prey. It is an important part of many wetlands and is an iconic symbol of the wetlands that it inhabits.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Pelecaniformes |
| Family | Ardeidae |
| Genus | Ardea |
| Species | A. alba |
15. Egyptian Goose
The Egyptian goose is a species of waterfowl native to Africa. It belongs to the duck family Anatidae, which also includes swans and geese.
Known for their attractive coloring and interesting behaviors, these birds have become popular as ornamental birds, leading to their introduction to many areas outside of their traditional range.
In Europe, the United States, and elsewhere, these birds can now be spotted in gardens, ponds, and other areas where they never existed before. The Egyptian goose is a medium-sized waterfowl, with a wingspan of up to 3 feet.
Their plumage is mostly grey and brown, with a white breast and black wingtips. They are also notable for their long, slender necks and unique red eyes. These birds eat a variety of aquatic plants, insects, and small fish.
In the wild, they can be seen foraging along the edges of rivers, lakes, and marshes. In captivity, these birds are popular for their beauty and sociability. They are usually quite friendly and can be easily trained to take food from people’s hands.
They are also fond of human interaction and can make good pets. They are also popular for their ability to fly, which make them good candidates for falconry. The Egyptian goose is a species with a fascinating history.
As their popularity grows, they continue to be introduced to more and more areas outside their native range. As a result, these birds can now be found in places far from their original habitats, providing a reminder of the power of the human hand in shaping the environment.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Anseriformes |
| Family | Anatidae |
| Genus | Alopochen |
| Species | A. aegyptiaca |
16. Squacco Heron
The squacco heron is a species of small heron that is native to the Old World, meaning it is found in southern Europe and the Greater Middle East. It measures 44–47 cm in length and has an 80–92 cm wingspan. Its body is 20–23 cm in length.
The squacco heron is easily identifiable due to its unique coloring. It has a grey-brown back and wings, with a white underbelly and dark brown legs. Its head and neck are light grey with a black crown and white cheeks. The bird also has a long, black bill and yellow eyes.
The squacco heron is typically found in shallow bodies of water, such as marshes and swamps, where it searches for food. It feeds mostly on small fish, frogs, and insects. It also occasionally eats small reptiles and crustaceans.
The bird breeds in the late summer to early fall, usually building its nest in tall shrubs or trees located near water.
The squacco heron is listed as a species of least concern by the IUCN, however, its population is slowly decreasing due to habitat destruction and other human activities.
In order to protect the species, conservation efforts are necessary to ensure the species does not become endangered in the future.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Pelecaniformes |
| Family | Ardeidae |
| Genus | Ardeola |
| Species | A. ralloides |
Conclusion
Birds are a vital part of the Lucca ecosystem. They provide food for other animals, help pollinate plants and control insect populations, and offer a unique and enjoyable experience to the people of Lucca.
With the increasing urbanization of the area, it is important to take steps to protect and preserve the birds in Lucca. Through education and conservation efforts, we can ensure that the birds of Lucca remain a part of the landscape for generations to come.