South Sumatra is home to a variety of different birds, many of which can only be found in the region. From the majestic hornbills to the colorful sunbirds, this region of Indonesia is a haven for birdwatchers.
With its dense forests and wetlands, South Sumatra is also a great place to spot rare and endemic species. Whether you’re looking for a quick birdwatching trip or a multi-day trek, South Sumatra is the perfect destination for birders of all levels.
1. Sumatran Ground Cuckoo
Source: palmoildetectives.com
The Sumatran ground cuckoo is an impressive bird, measuring up to 25 inches in length and making its home on the island of Sumatra. It is a terrestrial species, meaning that it lives and forages on the ground rather than in trees or other elevated habitats.
The species was first introduced to Western science in 1879 when it was identified and described. At that time, it was believed that the Sumatran ground cuckoo was the same species as the Bornean ground cuckoo.
However, in 2000, the species was re-classified as a unique species in its own right, separate from the Bornean ground cuckoo. This decision was based on research that showed that the two species had distinct vocalizations, different sizes, and different breeding habits.
It was also found that the two species had been isolated from one another for a long enough period of time that they could be considered distinct.
The Sumatran ground cuckoo is now one of the most popular species of cuckoo in the world, and it plays an important role in the ecosystem of Sumatra.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Cuculiformes |
| Family | Cuculidae |
| Genus | Carpococcyx |
| Species | C. viridis |
2. Zebra Dove
The zebra dove is a species of bird belonging to the Columbidae family, which is native to Southeast Asia. It is a small bird with a long tail and is mainly coloured brownish-grey with black-and-white barring.
This pattern of black-and-white stripes gives the bird its zebra-like appearance, which is how it got its name.The zebra dove is also known as the barred ground dove or barred dove.
This is because of the black-and-white pattern on its wings and tail which is reminiscent of a barred pattern.
The wings and tail of the zebra dove are known to have a distinctive pattern of alternating black and white stripes.The zebra dove is mostly found in open woodlands and scrublands, and it is known to feed on insects, fruits, and seeds.
It is also known to build its nest in shrubs and trees. The zebra dove is a social bird and can often be seen in small flocks.The zebra dove is a popular bird with aviculturists due to its attractive markings and its ability to adapt to captivity.
It is also a popular pet due to its gentle and friendly nature. The zebra dove is often used in avian research and has been studied extensively for its behavior and physiology.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Columbiformes |
| Family | Columbidae |
| Genus | Geopelia |
| Species | G. striata |
3. Spotted Dove
The spotted dove is a species of small, long-tailed pigeon that is native to the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. It is a common bird in these areas, where it breeds and resides year-round.
The species can also be found in many other parts of the world, due to its introduction by humans. In some places, the spotted dove has become an established feral population.
This means that the bird has adapted to the local environment and is reproducing in the wild, without any further human intervention. The spotted dove is a common sight in many parts of the world, and it is easy to recognize due to its distinctive spotted pattern.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Columbiformes |
| Family | Columbidae |
| Genus | Spilopelia |
| Species | S. chinensis |
4. Chestnut-bellied Malkoha
The chestnut-bellied malkoha is a species of bird in the cuckoo family Cuculidae. It is native to several Southeast Asian countries, including Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapore, and Thailand.
This species is found in a variety of habitats, including subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical mangrove forests, and subtropical or tropical swamps.
They prefer moist and damp areas, as these can provide them with the food and shelter they need to survive. The chestnut-bellied malkoha is an omnivore, meaning it will feed on both plants and animals. It typically eats a variety of insects, fruits, and small animals.
This species is considered to be of least concern, as it has a large population and is not threatened by any major threats.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Cuculiformes |
| Family | Cuculidae |
| Genus | Phaenicophaeus |
| Species | P. sumatranus |
5. Sunda Collared Dove
The Sunda collared dove is a species of bird that is part of the family Columbidae. It is native to Southeast Asia and the Indonesian Archipelago. It is also known by several other names, such as the Javanese collared dove or the Indonesian collared dove.
This dove has a distinctive black and white collar on its neck, which is why it has its common name. It has a mostly light gray body, a white belly, and pink legs. The wings are long and pointed, and the tail is long and pointed as well.
It can be found in open woodlands, gardens, and grasslands. It feeds on seeds and insects. It is a social bird and is usually found in pairs or small flocks. It is not considered to be endangered, and its population is stable.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Columbiformes |
| Family | Columbidae |
| Genus | Streptopelia |
| Species | S. bitorquata |
6. Bronze-Tailed Peacock-Pheasant
Source: ebird.org
The bronze-tailed peacock-pheasant is an exquisite species of bird native to the Indonesian island of Sumatra. This species of bird has been given many names, but it is most commonly known as the Sumatran peacock-pheasant.
It is a member of the Phasianidae family, which includes other species such as pheasants, partridges, and quail. The bronze-tailed peacock-pheasant is an impressive species, with its vibrant plumage of chestnut and bronze feathers.
Its crest is made up of long, white feathers, and it has a ruff of feathers around its neck that is a mix of black and grey. Its tail is large and has long feathers that range from green to bronze in color.
This species of bird also has a pale blue facial disk, which is a patch of feathers around the eyes. The bronze-tailed peacock-pheasant lives in the lowland tropical forests of Sumatra, where it feeds mainly on insects and fruits.
It is a ground-dwelling bird that is usually seen in pairs or small groups. It is a shy species that is threatened by habitat destruction, as well as hunting and trapping for the pet trade. Conservation efforts are being made to protect this species and its habitat.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Galliformes |
| Family | Phasianidae |
| Genus | Polyplectron |
| Species | P. chalcurum |
7. Salvadori’s Pheasant
Salvadori’s pheasant is a species of bird that belongs to the genus Lophura. It is native to Indonesia and found in the mountain rainforests of Sumatra, where it is also known as the Sumatran pheasant. Hoogerwerf’s pheasant is believed to be a subspecies of Salvadori’s pheasant.
This means that it is a species of bird within the same genus as Salvadori’s pheasant, but it is considered to be a separate species due to the fact that it has certain traits that make it distinct. For example, the two species may have different sizes, colors, and behaviors.
As a result, Hoogerwerf’s pheasant is thought to be a subspecies of Salvadori’s pheasant.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Galliformes |
| Family | Phasianidae |
| Genus | Lophura |
| Species | L. inornata |
8. Common Emerald Dove
The emerald dove is found across a large region of the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia. It is a species of pigeon and is also known by the names of common emerald dove, Asian emerald dove, grey-capped emerald dove, green dove, and green-winged pigeon.
This pigeon is mainly found in tropical and subtropical parts of its range.The emerald dove is a widespread resident breeding bird, meaning it lives in its range all year round and breeds there too. It is mostly seen in open woodlands, grasslands, and cultivated areas.
Its small size and greenish plumage make it well-camouflaged in its environment.The emerald dove is known to feed mostly on the ground, often in small flocks of up to ten birds. It mainly feeds on grass and weed seeds, but also eats some insects.
It builds its nest in the trees, usually in a low to mid-level branch. This species of pigeon lays two eggs, which it incubates for 14 days.The emerald dove is an important species in its range and is considered to be a symbol of peace and tranquillity.
It is also hunted as a game bird in some parts of its range. Despite this, its population is believed to be stable, and it is not yet considered threatened.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Columbiformes |
| Family | Columbidae |
| Genus | Chalcophaps |
| Species | C. indica |
9. Barred Cuckoo-dove
The barred cuckoo-dove is a species of bird belonging to the family Columbidae, which also includes pigeons and doves. It is native to South and Southeast Asia and is distributed across a wide range of habitats, including forests, plantations, and mangroves.
The barred cuckoo-dove is regarded as being of least concern in terms of conservation status, according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List.
This species is not currently threatened, but its population size may be declining due to habitat loss and degradation. As such, conservation measures should be taken to ensure that their habitat is maintained and protected.
The barred cuckoo-dove is a medium-sized bird, measuring between 28 and 31 cm in length. Its plumage is predominantly grey, with darker barring on its wings and tail, and its head is adorned by a white eye ring.
Its diet consists mainly of fruits, seeds, and small invertebrates, and it is known to prefer to forage on the ground. It has a distinctive, loud call that has been described as a “cuckoo-dove” call.
The barred cuckoo-dove is usually seen alone or in pairs, but may also form small flocks during the breeding season. It is monogamous and breeds mainly during the dry season, with the female laying around two white eggs in a nest made of dry leaves and twigs in a tree.
Overall, the barred cuckoo-dove is a widely distributed species with a relatively healthy population, but its conservation status should be monitored as its habitat may be threatened by human activities.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Columbiformes |
| Family | Columbidae |
| Genus | Macropygia |
| Species | M. unchall |
10. Little Cuckoo-dove
The little cuckoo-dove is a species of bird in the family Columbidae, which includes doves and pigeons. It is a reddish-brown bird, with distinct features that enable it to be easily distinguished from other species.
This species of bird is mainly found in Southeast Asia, in Brunei, China, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam.
The little cuckoo-dove is classified as a species of least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List of Endangered Species.
This means that the species is not currently facing any major threats or risks of extinction, and is doing relatively well in its environment.
While this is good news, it does not mean that conservation efforts should be ignored, as even species of least concern can become endangered due to human activities or changes in their environment.
It is therefore important to monitor the population of this species and to take steps to protect its habitat from any potential threats.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Columbiformes |
| Family | Columbidae |
| Genus | Macropygia |
| Species | M. ruficeps |
11. Greater Coucal
The greater coucal is a species of bird belonging to the Cuculiformes order, which comprises cuckoos, roadrunners, and anis. It is native to the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia and is one of the largest members of its order.
The greater coucal is a non-parasitic species, meaning it does not lay its eggs in the nests of other birds. It is also highly variable and is divided into several subspecies, some of which are considered to be separate species in their own right.
Generally, the greater coucal is a shy and secretive bird, though it may become more vocal during the breeding season. It is mainly terrestrial, and prefers open grassy habitats, although it can also be found in forests and shrubland.
The greater coucal feeds mainly on insects, small mammals, and reptiles, and can often be seen foraging on the ground.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Cuculiformes |
| Family | Cuculidae |
| Genus | Centropus |
| Species | C. sinensis |
12. Cotton Pygmy Goose
The cotton pygmy goose, or cotton teal, is a species of small perching duck that is found in Asia, Southeast Asia, and even as far south and east as Queensland. This species of duck is often referred to as the white-quilled pygmy goose in Queensland.
This species of duck is unique in that it is much smaller than the average duck, and it is able to perch in trees and other high places. The plumage of the cotton pygmy goose is mostly grey, with a white quill extending from the head down the neck.
This species of duck is primarily found in wetlands, such as marshes, swamps, and shallow lakes, as well as agricultural areas, where they feed on small aquatic animals, such as insects, crustaceans, and worms.
The cotton pygmy goose is an important species in terms of conservation, as it is listed as vulnerable on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. This is due to the threats posed to their natural habitats, such as habitat destruction, pollution, and hunting.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Anseriformes |
| Family | Anatidae |
| Genus | Nettapus |
| Species | N. coromandelianus |
13. Malayan Crestless Fireback
The Malayan crestless fireback is a type of bird belonging to the Phasianidae family. It is native to the Malay peninsula and Sumatra, and was previously classified as a single species, known as the crestless fireback.
The Malayan crestless fireback is a large bird, growing up to 27 inches in length. It has dark brown plumage with white stripes on the wings and tail. Its head is adorned with a black crestless peak, giving it a distinctive look.
The Malayan crestless fireback is an omnivorous species, mainly feeding on fruits, flowers, and insects. It is also known to feed on small rodents, reptiles, and amphibians. The Malayan crestless fireback is a shy bird, preferring to stay away from humans.
It is a solitary species and will only form small flocks when foraging for food. The Malayan crestless fireback is an important species for the conservation of its native habitat, as it helps to maintain an ecological balance in the region.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Galliformes |
| Family | Phasianidae |
| Genus | Lophura |
| Species | L. erythrophthalma |
14. White-winged Duck
The white-winged duck, also known as the white-winged wood duck, is an impressive species of waterfowl. It is considered to be an especially large duck and was formerly grouped in the genus Cairina alongside the Muscovy duck.
This classification was based on its close relation to the dabbling ducks, a group of waterfowl known for their ability to feed while swimming. The white-winged duck is an iconic species, often regarded as a symbol of the wetlands where it commonly dwells.
It has a unique appearance, with a large, white patch of feathers on the wings and a brilliant, glossy purple-green head. It also has a bright red bill and a white throat. The white-winged duck is a highly adaptable species, able to inhabit a variety of wetlands.
They prefer shallow, marshy areas and oxbow lakes, but can also be found in estuaries and rivers. The ducks feed on aquatic plants, and will also forage for insects and small fish.
They are a social species and can often be seen in small flocks. The white-winged duck is a species of concern due to habitat loss and hunting. However, conservation efforts have helped the species survive and thrive in many areas.
The white-winged duck is a beautiful and unique species that is an important part of our wetlands.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Anseriformes |
| Family | Anatidae |
| Genus | Asarcornis |
| Species | A. scutulata |
15. Sumatran Frogmouth
Source: ebird.org
The Sumatran frogmouth is an elusive nocturnal bird that is native to the Sumatran island of Indonesia. It is a member of the family Podargidae and is also referred to as the short-tailed frogmouth or the pale-faced frogmouth.
This bird is rarely seen in the wild, as it is a shy species that prefers to remain well hidden during the day. The Sumatran frogmouth is a medium-sized bird, measuring approximately 10 inches in length.
Its feathers are predominantly grey and brown in color, with a white or pale face, and long legs and feet. Its wings are long and pointed, and it has a short, rounded tail. Its eyes are large and round, and it has a small, stout beak.
The Sumatran frogmouth is a nocturnal hunter and feeds on insects, worms, and small frogs. It is an agile flyer and can navigate through dense forests and jungles. It typically roosts in tree hollows or on branches during the day and is rarely seen during daylight hours.
The Sumatran frogmouth is a solitary bird, and pairs only during the breeding season. Its nest is typically made of twigs and leaves and is usually located in tree hollows or in caves. The female lays two eggs, which are incubated by both parents for about 25 days.
Once hatched, the young birds remain in the nest for an additional 20 days. The Sumatran frogmouth is an endangered species, due to the destruction of its habitat.
Conservation efforts have been put in place to try and protect the species, including the designation of protected areas and the promotion of eco-tourism. It is hoped that with continued efforts, this species will be able to survive in its native habitat for many years to come.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Clade | Strisores |
| Order | Podargiformes |
| Family | Podargidae |
| Genus | Batrachostomus |
| Species | B. poliolophus |
16. Black-Winged Stilt
The black-winged stilt is a wading bird in the avocet and stilt family. It is widely distributed across the world, with a range extending from the Pacific Islands to Africa, Europe, and South America. It has very long legs, which allow it to wade in shallow water for food.
Its scientific name is H. himantopus, and it is sometimes referred to as a single species due to its wide distribution.
Its black wings and long legs make it a distinctive species, and its conservation status is considered to be near threatened due to habitat loss and other human-related impacts.
It feeds mainly on insects, crustaceans, and other small aquatic organisms, which it locates by probing the shallow water with its long bill. It nests in colonies near water, and its eggs are well camouflaged against the ground.
The black-winged stilt is an important species in wetlands around the world, and its conservation is essential for maintaining healthy wetland ecosystems.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Charadriiformes |
| Family | Recurvirostridae |
| Genus | Himantopus |
| Species | H. himantopus |
17. Threskiornithidae
The family Threskiornithidae consists of 36 species of large wading birds. These birds have traditionally been divided into two subfamilies, the ibises and the spoonbills. The ibises are characterized by their long curved bills, while the spoonbills have a spoon-shaped bill.
However, recent genetic studies of the two subfamilies have found that they are not as closely related as previously thought, and that the ibises may be more closely related to the herons than to the spoonbills.
This suggests that the traditional classification of the two subfamilies may not be accurate. These findings are important for understanding the evolution and ecology of these birds, as well as how to properly conserve and protect them.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Pelecaniformes |
| Family | Threskiornithidae |
18. Asian Emerald Cuckoo
The Asian emerald cuckoo is a species of cuckoo that is found in a large region of South and Southeast Asia. It is a member of the Cuculidae family, which is a group of birds that is known for its distinct call and long tail feathers.
The species is known to inhabit Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Vietnam. The Asian emerald cuckoo is a medium-sized bird, measuring about 30 cm in length.
It has a greenish-brown upper body and a whitish-gray underbody. Its wings are black and white, and its tail is long and pointed. It has a yellowish bill and orange-red eyes. The Asian emerald cuckoo is a solitary bird that is mainly active during the day.
It feeds on insects, vegetable matter, and fruits. During the breeding season, the male will call loudly in order to attract a female. The female will lay her eggs in the nest of other birds, such as warblers, babblers, and wrens.
Once the eggs hatch, the young cuckoos will force the host bird to raise them. The Asian emerald cuckoo is listed as a species of least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.
Although it is still relatively common, it is threatened by habitat destruction and the use of pesticides. Conservation efforts are needed to protect this species and its habitat.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Cuculiformes |
| Family | Cuculidae |
| Genus | Chrysococcyx |
| Species | C. maculatus |
19. Banded Bay Cuckoo
The banded bay cuckoo, also known as the bay-banded cuckoo, is a small bird species that is native to the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. It is part of the cuckoo genus and has a distinctive round nostril.
The banded bay cuckoo is usually found in well-wooded areas, particularly in the lower hills. Its habitat includes tropical and subtropical forests, woodlands, scrublands, and grasslands. It feeds mainly on insects, such as caterpillars, and sometimes on small fruits.
The banded bay cuckoo is usually solitary, though it may form loose flocks during migration. It is a vocal species, and its call consists of a series of short, loud, metallic notes.
It is an important species in the ecosystem, as its diet helps to keep the local insect population under control.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Cuculiformes |
| Family | Cuculidae |
| Genus | Cacomantis |
| Species | C. sonneratii |
20. Black-bellied malkoha
Source: ebird.org
The black-bellied malkoha is a species of bird that belongs to the family of Cuculidae. It is native to the countries of Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapore, and Thailand.
This species can be found in a variety of habitats, including subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical mangrove forests.
Unfortunately, the black-bellied malkoha is threatened by habitat loss, which is caused by human activities such as logging, agricultural expansion, and urbanization. Because of this, the population of this species is in decline.
Conservation efforts are needed to protect its habitats and ensure that the species can survive.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Cuculiformes |
| Family | Cuculidae |
| Genus | Phaenicophaeus |
| Species | P. diardi |
21. Chestnut-breasted Malkoha
The chestnut-breasted malkoha is a beautiful species of cuckoo that can be found in Southeast Asia from Myanmar to eastern Java, the Philippines, and Borneo.
It is a large bird, measuring up to 49 cm in length, and has a distinctly grey and dark green coloration on its upper body, with chestnut on its underparts.
The most striking feature of this species is its large, curved upper mandible, which is a pale color compared to the rest of its body.
The chestnut-breasted malkoha is mainly found in the lowland rainforests and hills of its range, although it can sometimes be found in more open habitats, such as grasslands and plantations. It is a shy and elusive bird, but it can be heard calling from the top of tall trees.
Its diet mainly consists of fruits and other plant material, but it also feeds on insects and other small animals.
The chestnut-breasted malkoha is an important species in its range, as it helps to disperse the seeds of the plants it feeds on, thus helping to maintain the biodiversity of the forests it inhabits.
Unfortunately, the species is threatened by deforestation and other human activities, and its population is declining. It is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List and is in need of conservation efforts to help protect it from further declines.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Cuculiformes |
| Family | Cuculidae |
| Genus | Phaenicophaeus |
| Species | P. curvirostris |
22. Chestnut-winged Cuckoo
The chestnut-winged cuckoo is a species of cuckoo found in Southeast Asia and parts of South Asia. It has a distinct appearance, with dark, glossy upperparts, a long crest on its black head, and chestnut wings. Its tail is long, glossy, and black, with a graduated structure.
The throat is rufous, the underside is dusky, and there is a narrow white half-collar around its neck.
This unique combination of features makes it quite easy to identify in its native habitat. The chestnut-winged cuckoo is a relatively small bird, usually measuring between 8 and 10 inches in length. Its wingspan is also relatively small, only reaching up to 18 inches wide.
Its diet consists mainly of insects, which means it is an excellent addition to any garden where there are plenty of bugs to keep it fed. The chestnut-winged cuckoo’s breeding season usually begins during April and May, and they usually lay their eggs in the nests of other birds.
The eggs are usually white or cream-colored and are incubated by the host birds.
The chicks are then fed by the host birds, and the chestnut-winged cuckoo leaves the nest once the chicks are independent. Overall, the chestnut-winged cuckoo is a fascinating and beautiful bird, and its presence in Southeast Asia and South Asia is a great asset to the local environment.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Cuculiformes |
| Family | Cuculidae |
| Genus | Clamator |
| Species | C. coromandus |
23. Green-billed Malkoha
The green-billed malkoha is an attractive species of cuckoo found in the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia. It is a non-parasitic cuckoo, meaning it does not lay its eggs in the nests of other birds.
The malkoha has a unique coloration: its body is waxy bluish-black, and its tail is long and graduated with white tips to the tail feathers. Its most distinctive feature is its bill, which is curved and prominent.
The bird is found in dry scrub and thin forests, where it forages for food. It is an opportunistic feeder, consuming a variety of insects, fruits, and other small invertebrates. Its diet also includes nectar from flowers and small reptiles.
The green-billed malkoha is an important part of the local ecosystem, helping to control the population of various insects and other small creatures.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Cuculiformes |
| Family | Cuculidae |
| Genus | Phaenicophaeus |
| Species | P. tristis |
24. Philippine Hawk-cuckoo
The Philippine hawk-cuckoo is a bird that belongs to the cuckoo family. It is only found in the Philippines and is not found anywhere else in the world.
Historically, the bird was classified as a subspecies of Hodgson’s hawk-cuckoo, but more recent studies have shown that there are significant vocal differences between the two species.
As a result, the Philippine hawk-cuckoo is now commonly treated as a distinct species, and not just a subspecies of the other.
This shows the importance of further research and study in order to properly classify animals and understand the differences between species.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Cuculiformes |
| Family | Cuculidae |
| Genus | Hierococcyx |
| Species | H. pectoralis |
Conclusion
The wide variety of bird species found in South Sumatra suggests that this region is an important area for bird conservation.
The presence of threatened species, such as the Sumatran Laughingthrush and the White-winged Wood Duck, highlights the need to protect this unique avian biodiversity.
Conservation efforts should focus on protecting the bird habitats in South Sumatra, as well as implementing stricter regulations on hunting and logging.
By doing so, we can ensure that these birds will thrive in this beautiful region for generations to come.