Arequipa, Peru is home to a wide variety of birds. Visitors to this beautiful region can enjoy spotting rare and exotic species that are not found anywhere else in the world.
From the majestic Andean Condor to the colorful Macaw, Arequipa boasts a wide variety of birds that can provide hours of viewing pleasure.
Whether you are a bird watcher or simply appreciate the beauty of these creatures, Arequipa is the perfect place to experience the wonders of bird watching.
1. Giant Coot
The giant coot is an interesting species of bird belonging to the subfamily Rallinae of the family Rallidae, which consists of the rails, gallinules, and coots. It is mainly found in South America in countries such as Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, and Peru.
The giant coot is a large bird, with a wingspan measuring up to 40 inches and a body length of around 45 inches. Its plumage is mostly dark grey, with a white spot on its forehead and a white streak on its throat.
It has long, strong legs and webbed feet, which make it an excellent swimmer. The giant coot typically inhabits shallow wetlands and feeds on aquatic plants, small fish, and aquatic invertebrates.
It is an omnivorous bird and can be seen foraging, swimming, and diving in search of its food. The giant coot is an important species of bird, as it helps to maintain the balance of the wetland ecosystems in which it lives.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Gruiformes |
| Family | Rallidae |
| Genus | Fulica |
| Species | F. gigantea |
2. Croaking Ground Dove
The croaking ground dove is a species of bird that belongs to the family Columbidae. This species of bird is found in a few South American countries, including Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.
The croaking ground dove is typically found in open areas such as grasslands, shrublands, and savannas. This species of bird is medium-sized, with a length of about 20 centimeters and a wingspan of around 29 centimeters.
It has a reddish-brown back, a black head and neck, and a white chin and throat. Its underparts are grayish-white, and the tail is pale gray with dark and light bars. The eyes are yellowish-brown and the beak is black.
The croaking ground dove’s diet consists mainly of seeds and insects, and they are typically seen foraging in small groups of two to three individuals. They are also known to form flocks of up to 25 birds when they migrate during the winter season.
The croaking ground dove is a very vocal species, with its namesake croaking call being heard in the early mornings and evenings. The croaking ground dove is a species of conservation concern due to its limited range and population decline.
Habitat loss, especially due to deforestation, is the main factor leading to the decline of this species. As a result, conservation efforts have been set in place in many of the countries where this species is found in order to protect and preserve it.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Columbiformes |
| Family | Columbidae |
| Genus | Columbina |
| Species | C. cruziana |
3. Eared Dove
The eared dove is a species of dove native to the Americas. It is found as far north as Colombia and as far south as Argentina and Chile, as well as on several islands in the Caribbean Sea.
This species is a permanent resident throughout its range, breeding in each area it inhabits. It is possible that the eared dove has recently expanded its range to include the islands of Tobago and Trinidad, though this has yet to be confirmed.
This species is a medium-sized dove, with a length of around 27 centimeters and a wingspan of 40 centimeters. It has a light brownish-gray back and wings, and a pale tan or white colored belly.
It also has a distinctive white patch on its wings, which can be seen when it is in flight. Its call is a low, mournful coo. The eared dove feeds mainly on grains and fruits, and can often be found in open grasslands or agricultural areas.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Columbiformes |
| Family | Columbidae |
| Genus | Zenaida |
| Species | Z. auriculata |
4. West Peruvian Dove
The West Peruvian dove, also known as the Pacific dove, is a species of dove belonging to the Zenaida genus of birds. It is a medium-sized bird with a rounded body and a short tail.
The West Peruvian dove is found in the western coastal areas of Peru and is usually seen in small flocks. The bird has a dark gray body, with a lighter gray head and neck. The wings are short and pointed, and the tail is notched. The legs are reddish-orange in color.
The diet of the West Peruvian dove mainly consists of seeds, fruits, and insects. It is an omnivore and will also eat small invertebrates. The dove is monogamous and usually breeds during the wet season, with the female laying two eggs in a small cup-like nest.
The West Peruvian dove is a medium-sized bird that is easily identifiable by its distinctive markings. It is an important species in the region, as it helps to keep the insect population in check and is a food source for other birds and animals.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Columbiformes |
| Family | Columbidae |
| Genus | Zenaida |
| Species | Z. meloda |
5. Rufous-collared Sparrow
The rufous-collared sparrow, also known as Andean sparrow, is a species of sparrow found in the Americas.
This species has an incredibly wide distribution range, spanning from the extreme southeast of Mexico all the way down to Tierra del Fuego and the Caribbean island of Hispaniola.
Its habitat is quite varied, with the bird being found in a wide range of environments, often in close proximity to human settlements.
This adaptability allows the species to thrive in a wide variety of habitats, including urban areas, grasslands, shrublands, and even coastal areas.
In addition, the species is also found in various mountain ranges, including the Andes Mountains, the Sierra Madre Occidental, and the Sierra Madre Oriental. The species is quite common in its range and is often seen in large flocks.
Its diet consists mainly of insects, but it also feeds on grains and fruits. The rufous-collared sparrow is an important species in its range, as it plays an important role in controlling insect populations and providing a food source for other animals.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Passerellidae |
| Genus | Zonotrichia |
| Species | Z. capensis |
6. Oasis Hummingbird
The oasis hummingbird is a species of hummingbird that belongs to the Mellisugini tribe of the Trochilinae subfamily, which is also known as the “bee hummingbirds”. It is the sole species within the genus Rhodopis and is found in both Chile and Peru.
This species of hummingbird is distinguished by its small size, which is among the smallest of all birds, measuring around 5 cm (2 in) in length. It has a metallic green and white plumage, and a stout, straight bill.
It is mainly seen in desert oases, where it feeds on flower nectar and small insects. It also perches on low shrubs and trees, where it looks out for predators.
The oasis hummingbird is a solitary bird and can be found in a variety of habitats, including open scrub, arid grasslands, and dry valleys. It is an important pollinator, helping to spread pollen among flowers.
Conservation efforts have been underway to protect the species, which is considered to be of least concern.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Clade | Strisores |
| Order | Apodiformes |
| Family | Trochilidae |
| Genus | Rhodopis |
| Species | R. vesper |
7. Mourning Sierra Finch
The mourning sierra finch is an exotic species of bird that is found in South America. It is a part of the tanager family Thraupidae and is the only species in the genus Rhopospina.
This species of bird is mainly found in Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, and Peru, but it has been seen as a vagrant in the Falkland Islands and Brazil. The mourning sierra finch is a small bird with a length of up to 15 cm.
It has a greyish-brown crown and upperparts, with a yellowish-brown underparts. Its wings are dark grey with yellow-edged feathers, and its tail is dark grey with a white tip. It has a black bill, and its legs are pinkish.
The mourning Sierra finch is a ground-dwelling species, which feeds mainly on seeds and other small insects. It prefers to live in arid grasslands, shrublands, and open woodland areas.
It is often seen in small flocks, and they are known to make short flights as they forage for food. The mourning sierra finch is an important species for conservation, as it is listed as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List.
Its population is decreasing due to habitat loss and degradation, as well as the introduction of invasive species. Conservation efforts are needed to protect this species and its habitat.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Thraupidae |
| Genus | Rhopospina |
| Species | R. fruticeti |
8. Ash-breasted Sierra Finch
The ash-breasted Sierra finch is a species of bird belonging to the Thraupidae family. It is native to South America, specifically found in Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador and Peru.
Its habitat is primarily composed of subtropical or tropical dry shrublands, high-altitude shrublands, and high-altitude grasslands. This species is mainly found in elevated areas, where the climate is much cooler and drier.
It prefers these areas for its food sources, as well as for its protective cover from predators. The ash-breasted Sierra finch is an important species in its range as it helps maintain ecological balance by aiding in seed dispersal and pollination.
It also plays an important role in maintaining the health of the local environment by providing food for other species such as hawks and owls.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Thraupidae |
| Genus | Geospizopsis |
| Species | G. plebejus |
9. Chiguanco Thrush
The Chiguanco thrush is a type of bird belonging to the family Turdidae. It is native to Ecuador and the Altiplano, two regions with vastly different climates.
In Ecuador, its habitat is primarily subtropical or tropical shrubland, while in the Altiplano, its natural habitat is heavily degraded former forest. The Chiguanco thrush is able to survive in both of these environments due to its highly adaptable nature.
It is able to feed off of a variety of food sources, including insects, fruits, and seeds. It is able to thrive in both areas due to its ability to use whatever resources are available to it.
The Chiguanco thrush is also able to take advantage of the different climates, allowing it to migrate between the two habitats when needed. This helps it to find the best environment for its breeding and other needs.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Turdidae |
| Genus | Turdus |
| Species | T. chiguanco |
10. Andean Flicker
The Andean Flicker is a species of bird that belongs to the subfamily Picinae of the woodpecker family Picidae. It is native to the countries of Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador, and Peru.
These birds have unique plumage, consisting of shades of brown and white, and some individuals may even have reddish-brown or grayish-brown feathers. They typically have a black crown and a white throat and a white stripe over the eyes.
The tail is usually long and pointed, and their bill is long and slightly hooked. These birds are usually found in open forested habitats, and they feed mainly on insects. They often forage on the ground, and can sometimes be seen perched on tree trunks and branches.
They are also known to visit bird feeders and will often take advantage of fruits and nuts that are available. They have a loud call that is often heard echoing through the forest, and they are known to use their drumming behavior to communicate with each other.
The Andean Flicker is considered to be a species of least concern by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, although habitat loss and degradation are currently the main threats to this species.
Conservation efforts are being taken in some of the countries in which they are found in order to protect and preserve this species.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Piciformes |
| Family | Picidae |
| Genus | Colaptes |
| Species | C. rupicola |
11. Andean Gull
The Andean gull is a species of bird that is part of the Laridae family, which includes gulls, terns, and skimmers. This species is found mainly in the countries of South America, including Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.
The Andean gull is a medium-sized species of gull, with a wingspan of around 24 inches. Its head is gray, while its back and wings are mostly white. It has a black band across its chest and a bright yellow bill.
The underside of its wings is black and white, and its tail is white with a black tip. The Andean gull feeds mainly on fish, small crustaceans, and insects. It can be found near lakes, rivers, and coastlines.
It spends most of its day in the air, searching for food, but nests on the ground.
The nest is usually made of twigs and grass and will be located in rocky areas, cliffs, or islands. The Andean gull is not considered to be a threatened species, yet it is still important to conserve its habitat and protect it from human disturbance.
This species plays an important role in its habitat, by helping to keep populations of small fish and other aquatic species in check. Furthermore, the Andean gull is a symbol of the beauty and biodiversity of South America.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Charadriiformes |
| Family | Laridae |
| Genus | Chroicocephalus |
| Species | C. serranus |
12. Puna Ibis
The Puna ibis is a species of bird belonging to the family of Threskiornithidae. This species of bird is prevalent throughout the South American countries of Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, and Peru.
Generally, these birds prefer to inhabit wetlands and marshy areas such as swamps and lakes. They usually inhabit the highlands known as the puna, but in some cases, they can be found even at sea level. The Puna ibis has adapted quite well to the environment of the Andes.
It is often found in the high elevation and cold climate of the mountains. It has developed special adaptations to survive in this type of climate, such as thicker feathers and reduced energy needs.
This species of bird is also able to tolerate the low oxygen levels and higher altitudes of the mountains. The Puna ibis is an important part of the ecosystem in South America.
These birds feed on fish, amphibians, and other small animals, and they are also important pollinators for many different types of plants. They are also important as a food source for other animals in the area, such as foxes and other predators.
The Puna ibis is a species of bird that is both beautiful and important to the environment. It is a species that has adapted to the harsh conditions of the Andes and is able to survive in a variety of habitats.
It is an important part of the ecosystem in South America and a species that deserves to be protected.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Pelecaniformes |
| Family | Threskiornithidae |
| Genus | Plegadis |
| Species | P. ridgwayi |
13. Peruvian Sierra Finch
The Peruvian Sierra finch is a species of bird that belongs to the Thraupidae family. This species is native to western Bolivia and Peru, where it can be found inhabiting subtropical and tropical high-altitude shrubland habitats.
These birds are typically found in areas with shrubs, such as mountainsides and hillsides. The shrubland provides a number of different types of vegetation, which is beneficial to the species since they rely on it for food and shelter.
The shrubs also provide them with the perfect cover from potential predators, allowing them to remain safe while they forage and feed. The Peruvian Sierra finch is an important part of the region’s biodiversity, and its presence helps to keep the local ecosystems balanced.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Thraupidae |
| Genus | Phrygilus |
| Species | P. punensis |
14. Andean Lapwing
The Andean lapwing is a species of bird that is part of the Charadriidae family, which includes plovers and their relatives. It is native to South America and can be found in six countries: Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.
It is characterized by its striking black-and-white plumage and its long yellow legs. The wings have striking black patches, and the head is mostly black. The tail is long and pointed.
The Andean lapwing is mainly found in high-altitude wetlands and grasslands, such as mountain meadows, bogs, and marshes. It is a ground-dwelling species, feeding mainly on insects, earthworms, and other invertebrates. It will sometimes also eat seeds and small mammals.
In the breeding season, the Andean lapwing is territorial and will fiercely defend its nesting area. It nests on the ground, laying two to four eggs. The Andean lapwing is vulnerable to habitat loss and fragmentation due to human activities such as urbanization and agriculture.
It is also threatened by hunting and trapping, which are common in some of its range countries. To help conserve this species, conservation organizations are working to protect its habitat and advocate for stricter hunting regulations.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Charadriiformes |
| Family | Charadriidae |
| Genus | Vanellus |
| Species | V. resplendens |
15. Mountain Caracara
The mountain caracara is a species of bird of prey found in the Andes, a mountain range in South America. It is a member of the Falconidae family, which includes falcons, kestrels, and eagles.
The range of the mountain caracara extends from northern Ecuador to northern Argentina and Chile, including the puna and páramo in Peru and Bolivia, two distinct mountain habitats.
It is not an overly common species, although it is generally classified as either uncommon or fairly common. It is known for its large, powerful wings which allow it to soar high above the mountains, and for its distinctive call, which is a harsh, rattling sound.
The mountain caracara is an important part of the delicate mountain ecosystem and plays an important role in the food chain.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Falconiformes |
| Family | Falconidae |
| Genus | Phalcoboenus |
| Species | P. megalopterus |
16. Aplomado Falcon
The aplomado falcon is a medium-sized falcon of the Americas. It is found in a large range from South America to parts of the US and Mexico. This falcon has a unique coloration of both blue and brown feathers.
The largest continuous range for the species is in South America, but not in the deep interior Amazon Basin. It was once known as Falco fusco-coerulescens or Falco fuscocaerulescens, but these names are now believed to refer to the bat falcon.
The aplomado falcon is a powerful bird of prey and is very well-adapted to life in its environment. It is a skilled hunter, and has a wingspan of up to 39 inches. It can reach speeds of up to 50 miles per hour, enabling it to capture prey quickly.
This falcon is also an excellent flier and can soar for long periods of time.The aplomado falcon is an important part of its ecosystem, as it helps to keep populations of rodents and other small animals in check.
This species of falcon is also a popular bird among falconers, due to its beauty and skill as a hunter. Despite its wide range, however, the aplomado falcon is listed as endangered in some areas, due to the destruction of its habitat and hunting.
Conservation efforts are needed in order to ensure that the aplomado falcon is able to continue to thrive in its native range.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Falconiformes |
| Family | Falconidae |
| Genus | Falco |
| Species | F. femoralis |
17. Peruvian Booby
The Peruvian booby is a species of seabird that is found exclusively along the Peruvian Current, a major ocean current that flows along the coast of Peru.
As an endemic species, the Peruvian booby is uniquely adapted to this environment and plays an important role in the marine community as a top predator.
However, despite its importance to the Peruvian current, the range of the Peruvian booby is much more limited than other species of booby, such as the brown booby and the Nazca booby, which have much larger distributions.
This is likely due to the Peruvian booby’s narrow habitat requirements, as well as its lack of competition from other species of booby. As a result, the Peruvian booby is highly vulnerable to environmental disturbances and changes, making it a species of conservation concern.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Suliformes |
| Family | Sulidae |
| Genus | Sula |
| Species | S. variegata |
18. Puna Plover
The puna plover is a small, wading bird native to South America. It belongs to the subfamily Charadriinae of the family Charadriidae, which includes shorebirds such as plovers, sandpipers, and lapwings.
The puna plover is found in four countries in South America: Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, and Peru. The puna plover has a grayish-brown back and wings, with white underside and facial markings. Its bill is short, black, and pointed.
It has a distinctive, loud call that can be heard from a long distance. Its habitat includes dry grasslands, steppes, and salt flats.
It lives in small colonies and feeds mostly on insects. The puna plover is considered to be an endangered species, due to habitat loss and degradation. It is also threatened by other human activities, such as mining and hunting.
Conservation efforts have been initiated to protect the species and its habitat. These include establishing protected areas, improving land management, and increasing public awareness of the species.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Charadriiformes |
| Family | Charadriidae |
| Genus | Charadrius |
| Species | C. alticola |
19. Black-necked Woodpecker
The black-necked woodpecker, also known as the black-necked flicker, is a species of bird native to Peru. It belongs to the subfamily Picinae of the woodpecker family Picidae. The bird is found exclusively in Peru, where it is considered an endemic species.
It is easily distinguished from other species of woodpeckers by its black neck feathers. The black-necked woodpecker resides mainly in the tropical and subtropical forests of Peru. Its diet consists of insects and larvae, as well as fruits and berries.
It is a ground-dwelling species, often foraging for food on the forest floor. It has also been known to use its powerful beak to break open nuts and seeds. The black-necked woodpecker is a solitary species and is usually found alone or in pairs.
It is also known to form small flocks during the breeding season. The bird has a loud call that can be heard over long distances. It also has a distinctive drumming sound which it makes by banging its beak against a tree trunk.
The black-necked woodpecker is considered to be of least concern by the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Although it is widely distributed across Peru, its population is thought to be declining due to habitat loss and degradation.
It is important to protect the species’ habitat in order to ensure its continued survival.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Piciformes |
| Family | Picidae |
| Genus | Colaptes |
| Species | C. atricollis |
20. Canyon Canastero
The canyon canastero is a species of bird found in Chile and Peru. It belongs to the family Furnariidae, which is made up of small to medium-sized passerines, or perching birds.
The natural habitat of the canyon canastero is mainly found in subtropical or tropical montane forests and subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrubland.
These areas tend to have a humid climate, with higher temperatures than in other mountains, and they are characterized by lush vegetation. The species generally prefers to nest and feed in dense vegetation and trees, and they are often found near streams or rivers.
The diet of the canyon canastero consists of insects, fruit, and seeds. They are also known to forage on the ground for food. This species is not considered to be at risk of extinction, however, its population is steadily declining due to habitat loss and fragmentation.
Conservation efforts are needed to ensure that these birds are able to continue to thrive in their natural habitats.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Furnariidae |
| Genus | Asthenes |
| Species | A. pudibunda |
21. Black-billed Shrike-tyrant
The black-billed shrike-tyrant is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae, which is composed of passerine birds. It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru, and is a vagrant to the Falkland Islands.
This species is quite large, measuring 23–25 cm in length, and is often seen hunting by flycatching. It typically spends its time in open country and grassland habitats, using its size and strength to capture its prey.
The black-billed shrike tyrant has a relatively short wingspan and long tail and is usually seen perched on tall vegetation. It can be identified by its black bill and grayish-brown upperparts.
The underparts are whitish, and the wings and tail have black and rufous-brown barring. The black-billed shrike-tyrant has a variety of calls, including a harsh, rattling alarm call and a more melodic song.
It feeds on insects and other small animals, such as small birds and lizards. It also feeds on fruits and berries, as well as carrion, which it may steal from other birds.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Tyrannidae |
| Genus | Agriornis |
| Species | A. montanus |
22. Band-tailed Seedeater
The Band-tailed Seedeater is a unique species of bird that is found in many parts of South America. It is part of the Thraupidae family, a family of birds that includes finches, sparrows, and cardinals.
The bird is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru, inhabiting a variety of habitats such as subtropical and tropical high-altitude shrublands and heavily degraded former forest areas. The Band-tailed Seedeater is a medium-sized bird, with a length of around 15 cm and a weight of about 22 grams.
Its plumage is mainly brownish gray, with a white chest and a black streak on its back. Its tail is long and banded, with a white tip. Its bill is black, curved, and pointed. The Band-tailed Seedeater is a solitary, territorial bird.
Its diet consists of small seeds, berries, and insects, which it forages for on the ground. It builds its nest on the ground, close to a shrub or tree, and typically lays two to three eggs.
The female will incubate the eggs for around 15 days, and the young will fledge after around 20 days. Overall, the Band-tailed Seedeater is an interesting and unique species of bird that is found in many parts of South America.
It is an important part of the Thraupidae family and plays an important role in its natural environment.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Thraupidae |
| Genus | Catamenia |
| Species | C. analis |
23. Common Miner
The Common Miner is a species of passerine bird, which belongs to the subfamily Sclerurinae of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. This species is found in South America, in the countries of Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Peru, and Uruguay.
It is commonly known as a leaf tosser or miner, due to its habit of foraging through leaf litter and searching for food. This species is found in various habitats, including grasslands, woodlands, and shrublands, and they are usually found in pairs or small groups.
The Common Miner has a distinct plumage, with its upperparts being predominantly dark brown in color, while its underparts are a paler shade of brown with buff or whitish streaks. The wings of the Common Miner vary in color from grayish-brown to olive-brown.
The tail of this species is long and rounded, and its legs are yellowish in color. The Common Miner is a vocal species, and its call is a loud, harsh, and repeated “wi-wit”.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Furnariidae |
| Genus | Geositta |
| Species | G. cunicularia |
24. Golden-billed Saltator
The golden-billed saltator is a species of bird belonging to the family Thraupidae, which is a group of passerine birds. It is native to South America, where it can be found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay.
It is also present in the regions of the southern Pantanal, which is a large wetland area located along the Paraguay River. The golden-billed saltator has a distinctive appearance, with its bright yellow bill being its most noticeable feature.
It has a gray body with white and black streaks, a white chin, and a black tail. The tail is relatively long and marked by white spots.
It has a wingspan of around 18-21 cm, and it weighs between 24 and 42 g. The golden-billed saltator is an omnivorous bird, meaning it will feed on both plant and animal matter. Its diet consists of a variety of seeds, fruits, insects, and other small invertebrates.
It is an insectivore, meaning it mainly feeds on insects. It also eats spiders, small lizards, and other small animals. It forages in small groups, usually in the canopy of trees. The golden-billed saltator is an important species for the conservation of its habitat.
It is a vital seed disperser for many plant species, which helps to promote biodiversity within the ecosystems it inhabits. It is also considered a beneficial species for agricultural purposes as it helps to control insect pests.
Despite this, it is still considered to be a species of conservation concern due to habitat destruction, fragmentation, and degradation.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Thraupidae |
| Genus | Saltator |
| Species | S. aurantiirostris |
25. Yellow-billed Tit-tyrant
The yellow-billed tit-tyrant is a species of bird belonging to the family Tyrannidae, which also includes the kingbird, flycatcher, and wood-pewee. These birds are found across South America, predominantly in Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, and Peru.
They are found in a variety of habitats, from moist montane forests to high-altitude shrublands. These small birds are typically found in the high canopy of trees, where they can feed on insects and build nests.
They are also known for their distinctive yellow bills, which are used to forage for food. They have a wide range of colors, including gray, brown, and black, which helps them blend in with their surroundings.
They are also known for their territorial behavior, and they can be quite aggressive when defending their territories. In addition to their strong territorial behavior, they also have a complex social structure, which allows them to survive in an ever-changing environment.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Tyrannidae |
| Genus | Anairetes |
| Species | A. flavirostris |
26. White-winged Cinclodes
The white-winged cinclodes is a species of bird found in the family Furnariidae, which includes birds commonly known as ovenbirds and woodcreepers. It is native to subtropical and tropical high-altitude grasslands and rivers.
These birds are medium-sized, with a length of 16-18 cm and a weight of around 35 grams. They have a distinct white wing patch grayish-brown upperparts and white undersides.
They feed mainly on insects and other invertebrates, as well as some seeds and plant material. The white-winged cinclodes is a threatened species and is listed as critically endangered on the IUCN Red List.
Its numbers have been declining due to a combination of factors such as habitat loss and degradation, hunting, and climate change. This has led to the species becoming increasingly isolated, with populations declining in both range and size.
Conservation efforts are underway to protect this species, and its habitat, in order to ensure its long-term survival.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Furnariidae |
| Genus | Cinclodes |
| Species | C. atacamensis |
27. Cinereous Conebill
The cinereous cone bill is a species of bird that belongs to the tanager family Thraupidae. It is mainly found in Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.
The term cinereous describes its greyish coloration. The cinereous cone bill can be found in a variety of habitats, including dry deciduous forests, montane forests, shrublands, and high-elevation grasslands.
It feeds mainly on insects such as beetles and butterflies, but also eats a variety of seeds. The cinereous conebill is a small bird, measuring around 12 cm in length. Its upperparts are brownish-grey, while its underparts are a paler grey.
Its wings are black with white spots and its head is a darker grey. The cinereous cone bill is a relatively common species, although its population is declining due to habitat destruction. It is classified as Least Concern by the IUCN.
Conservation efforts are being made to protect this species and its habitat, including the protection of areas where it is found.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Thraupidae |
| Genus | Conirostrum |
| Species | C. cinereum |
28. Puna Ground Tyrant
The Puna Ground Tyrant is a species of bird belonging to the family Tyrannidae. It is found in four countries in South America: Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, and Peru. The bird prefers to inhabit high-altitude grasslands and swamps in subtropical or tropical climates.
As its name suggests, it is a ground-dwelling species, meaning that it prefers to feed and nest close to the ground, rather than in trees or on other elevated surfaces. The Puna Ground Tyrant is a small bird, typically measuring around 10 cm in length.
Its plumage is mainly grey and brown, with some white patches on its wings and tail. It also has a distinctive black eye stripe and a white throat. Its diet consists mainly of insects, which it hunts for on the ground.
The Puna Ground Tyrant is an endangered species, with its population estimated to be declining due to the loss of its natural habitat, as well as other factors such as hunting and trapping.
Conservation efforts are being made to protect the species, including the creation of protected areas and the implementation of laws to prevent hunting and trapping.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Tyrannidae |
| Genus | Muscisaxicola |
| Species | M. juninensis |
29. Rufous-naped Ground Tyrant
The rufous-naped ground tyrant is a species of bird belonging to the family Tyrannidae. This species is primarily distributed in four countries – Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, and Peru – though it may also be encountered in other neighboring nations.
This species is primarily found in habitats that are usually subtropical or tropical in nature, such as high-altitude shrubland and grassland. These habitats can be found in mountainous regions, as well as in other areas with high altitudes.
The rufous-naped ground tyrant is a species that is well-adapted to high-altitude living and can often be seen in large flocks. They are a species that is relatively terrestrial and are known to feed on insects, seeds, and berries.
They can also be seen foraging for food on the ground. The rufous-naped ground tyrant is a species that is currently of least concern according to the IUCN and is considered to be fairly common throughout its range.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Tyrannidae |
| Genus | Muscisaxicola |
| Species | M. rufivertex |
30. Black-hooded Sierra Finch
The black-hooded Sierra finch is a species of bird that belongs to the Thraupidae family. It can be seen in a few countries in South America, including Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, and Peru.
Its natural habitats are found in both subtropical and tropical areas, including moist montane forests and high-altitude shrubland. The finch is a social bird, normally found in groups of up to five individuals.
The black-hooded Sierra finch is mainly a seed-eating bird, but it has been known to eat insects and fruit as well. These birds have adapted to the changing climates of their natural habitats, making them quite resilient.
They are considered to be a low-risk species, and their populations are generally stable.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Thraupidae |
| Genus | Phrygilus |
| Species | P. atriceps |
31. Greenish Yellow Finch
The Greenish Yellow Finch is a species of bird found in the Central Andes of South America, in countries such as Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, and Peru.
These birds live in a variety of habitats, including subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrublands, and heavily degraded former forests. They prefer open areas, and they are often found near mountain passes.
They are known for their bright yellow and green plumage, which makes them easily identifiable in their native habitats. They are omnivorous, meaning they will feed on a variety of food sources, including both plant and animal matter.
They are a common sight in the mountainous regions of South America, and they often flock together in large numbers. The Greenish Yellow Finch is a unique bird, and it is an important part of the ecology of the Central Andes region.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Thraupidae |
| Genus | Sicalis |
| Species | S. olivascens |
32. Bright-rumped Yellow Finch
The Bright-rumped Yellow Finch is a species of bird found in South America, belonging to the family Thraupidae. It has a yellow-colored plumage, with brown wings and a bright rump.
This species is found in the Puna grassland, a high-altitude grassland habitat located in Peru, Bolivia, northern Chile, and Argentina.
It prefers to inhabit subtropical or tropical grasslands as well as heavily degraded former forests. The Bright-rumped Yellow Finch plays an important role in its environment, being part of the food chain and helping to disperse the seeds of the plants that it feeds on.
This species also helps to maintain the balance of the ecosystem in the Puna grassland, by providing food for other species of birds and animals.
Additionally, its presence helps to keep the grassland healthy by controlling the number of insects, which could otherwise become a pest.
The Bright-rumped Yellow Finch is an important species for conservation efforts in South America, as it is an indicator species of the health of its environment.
It is currently listed as a species of least concern by the IUCN, however, its conservation status could very well change if the habitats of the species continue to be degraded.
Therefore, it is important to ensure that the habitats of the Bright-rumped Yellow Finch are protected, so that the species can continue to thrive in the Puna grassland.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Thraupidae |
| Genus | Sicalis |
| Species | S. uropygialis |
33. Black Siskin
Source: ebird.org
The black siskin is a species of finch belonging to the Fringillidae family. This finch is native to South America, inhabiting Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, and Peru. Its preferred habitats are shrublands and grasslands located in subtropical or tropical high-altitude regions.
The black siskin is adapted to life in these areas, where temperatures and precipitation can vary greatly.
The shrublands provide a safe haven for the finch, with plenty of resources to feed on, while the high-altitude grasslands provide a wide open space for the bird to forage and hunt.
With its strong wings and long tail, the black siskin is able to travel long distances in search of food and a safe place to roost.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Fringillidae |
| Genus | Spinus |
| Species | S. atratus |
Conclusion
Arequipa is a great place to observe birds. With its diverse habitats, ranging from high-altitude wetlands to coastal cliffs, it is home to a wide variety of species that can be seen throughout the year.
Birders of all levels of experience can find something to enjoy in this region, from the beginner looking to identify their first species, to the experienced birder looking for a rare sighting.
Whether you’re looking to add to your life list, or just enjoy a relaxing day outdoors, Arequipa is the perfect destination for all birders.