Hokkaido, the northernmost island of Japan, serves as a haven for birds of all kinds. The island’s diverse ecosystem is home to over 400 bird species, including migratory birds that pass through on their way to other parts of the world.
Hokkaido’s rich landscape, ranging from swamps and wetlands to forests and mountains, provides a variety of habitats for these avian creatures. From the iconic Red-crowned Crane to the majestic Steller’s Sea-Eagle, Hokkaido is a bird lover’s paradise.
In this article, we will discuss some of the most impressive and noteworthy bird species that call Hokkaido home.
1. Phasianidae
The Phasianidae family of birds is one that contains many popular gamebirds, with a total of 185 species divided across 54 genera.
These heavy ground-living birds include pheasants, partridges, junglefowl, chickens, and turkeys among others like Old World quail and peafowl.
This large family was formerly split into two subfamilies known as the Phasianinae and Perdicinae but this classification has since been changed to reflect more current scientific findings on them.
All these different types of birds have certain things in common such as their strong legs for scratching through leaves or soil looking for food items including insects, seeds, and other vegetation which makes up most of their diet.
They also all tend to be quite colorful in order to attract mates during breeding season when males will often display vibrant feathers or do dances around females in an attempt at courtship ritual displays.
The majority are monogamous creatures too although some may form short-term pair bonds before going off alone again once mating has taken place – either way.
There tends to be very little parental care given by adults after eggs have hatched so chicks need to fend for themselves right away.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Galliformes |
| Superfamily | Phasianoidea |
| Family | Phasianidae Horsfield, 1821 |
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2. Red-Crowned Crane
The Red-crowned Crane, also known as the Manchurian or Japanese crane, is a rare and majestic East Asian bird. It has striking red feathers on its head which give it an elegant crown look.
These cranes are large and can be seen in some parts of their range flying gracefully with slow wing beats. When they land to rest you may hear them making loud calls that carry across wide distances.
Not only do these birds have beautiful plumage but they also hold spiritual significance for many cultures throughout Asia where they are considered symbols of luck, loyalty and longevity.
With conservation efforts increasing more people will get to experience this amazing species.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Gruiformes |
| Family | Gruidae |
| Genus | Grus |
| Species | G. japonensis |
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3. Japanese Cormorant
The Japanese cormorant is a black-bodied bird with a white throat and cheeks and a partially yellow bill. It can be found in the East Palearctic region, ranging from Taiwan to Russia’s Far East.
This species of cormorant has been domesticated by fishermen for centuries as part of their traditional fishing methods; fishers will tie strings around the birds’ necks so that.
They cannot swallow larger fish, allowing them to take only smaller catches back for themselves.
The domesticated birds are also trained to dive more deeply into waters than wild ones would typically do on their own – an invaluable skill when it comes to catching deep-sea prey.
As such, this long-standing tradition between humans and wildlife serves both parties well: humans get food while providing something essential back in return.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Suliformes |
| Family | Phalacrocoracidae |
| Genus | Phalacrocorax |
| Species | P. capillatus |
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4. Falcated Duck
The Falcated Duck is a beautiful species of dabbling duck native to the east Palearctic region. It has a close relationship with both gadwall and wigeons, leading some researchers to assign it its own genus called Mareca in 2009.
The bird stands at approximately 20-25 inches tall and features an orange bill, dark brown head, speckled white/brown body feathers, long tail feathers that are folded up like fans (this gives them their name), yellow legs and feet as well as black eyes.
This majestic creature can be found inhabiting wetlands such as lakes or ponds around East Siberia through North Japan.
During winter months they migrate further south towards India in search of food sources during colder climates. All these characteristics make the Falcated Duck one of nature’s most beautiful works.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Anseriformes |
| Family | Anatidae |
| Genus | Mareca |
| Species | M. falcata |
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5. Rustic Bunting
The Rustic Bunting (Emberiza rustica) is a small passerine bird belonging to the bunting family Emberizidae. This species breeds across the northern Palearctic region and migrates south during winter, reaching as far as South-East Asia, Japan, Korea and Eastern China.
It has a black cap on its head with white cheeks which contrast against its brown back feathers; males also have yellow underparts while females are more greyish or duller in color compared to their male counterparts.
These birds feed mainly on insects but can also be observed foraging for seeds and grains near farms or meadows.
They build cup-shaped nests low down among grasses where they lay 3–5 eggs at once that hatch within 14 days of incubation period by both parents taking turns looking after them until they become independent enough to leave the nest after 16–20 days.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Emberizidae |
| Genus | Emberiza |
| Species | E. rustica |
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6. Oriental Turtle Dove
The Oriental turtle dove is a member of the Columbidae bird family and has an extensive range, from Europe to Japan. It can be identified by its rufous plumage with variations in patterning among different subspecies.
During winter, populations at higher latitudes migrate south for warmer climes. When courting, males display cooing or hooting sounds and perform flight displays that consist of circular glides followed by dives towards their female counterparts.
They feed on grains as well as fruits such as olives and figs when these are available seasonally.
The nests are typically located in trees or bushes near water sources where they lay two white eggs which hatch after 14 days of incubation period shared between both parentsScientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Columbiformes |
| Family | Columbidae |
| Genus | Streptopelia |
| Species | S. orientalis |
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7. Blakiston’s Fish Owl
Blakiston’s fish owl is the largest living species of owl. It belongs to a sub-group of eagle-owls which specialize in hunting riparian areas, such as China, Japan and the Russian Far East.
This majestic bird has an impressive wingspan that can reach up to 1.5 meters wide. Its eyesight is so powerful it can spot prey from more than 50 metres away.
As well as its huge size and keen vision, this species also has incredible hearing; its ears are placed asymmetrically on either side of its head allowing for pinpoint accuracy when locating sounds coming from any direction.
With these combined abilities Blakistons Fish Owl makes an efficient hunter capable of finding food even at night or in murky water conditions.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Strigiformes |
| Family | Strigidae |
| Genus | Bubo |
| Species | B. blakistoni |
8. Japanese Pygmy Woodpecker
The Japanese pygmy woodpecker (Yungipicus kizuki) is a small species of woodpecker found in forests in Russia, China, Korea and Japan. It was first described by Temminck back in the 1800s.
This bird generally lives within coniferous or deciduous trees and primarily feeds on insects like ants that it finds under bark or on dead branches.
Its plumage consists mainly of black wings with white patches along its shoulder as well as an orange-red crown to differentiate males from females which lack this trait.
The International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed this species as least concern due to their wide range across several countries.
They are quite common though rarely seen outside heavily forested areas due to their size and natural shyness around peopleScientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Piciformes |
| Family | Picidae |
| Genus | Yungipicus |
| Species | Y. kizuki |
9. White-Bellied Green Pigeon
The White-bellied Green Pigeon is a species of bird that can be found in many parts of Asia. Its natural habitat is temperate forests, and it has an unusual habit: drinking saltwater.
This behavior was first observed at Terugasaki in Ōiso, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. It’s primarily green with a white underside; additionally the males have purplish patches on their wings while females do not.
They usually build nests together as pairs or small colonies near water sources such as rivers and lakes.
Along with other pigeons they feed mainly on fruits like berries and figs but also consume seeds grains insects and even nectar from flowers during certain times of year.
The White-bellied Green pigeon plays an important role in maintaining balance between nature’s ecosystem by dispersing seeds throughout its range which helps promote vegetation growth for years to come.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Columbiformes |
| Family | Columbidae |
| Genus | Treron |
| Species | T. sieboldii |
10. Brown-Eared Bulbul
The Brown-eared Bulbul is a medium-sized bird native to eastern Asia. Its range stretches from southern Sakhalin to the northern Philippines, and it can be found in abundance throughout its habitat.
The species was initially classified as part of the Turdus genus before being reclassified into other genera over time – most recently Microscelis.
These birds are characterized by their unique brown ear tufts, which have earned them their common name.
They typically measure around 20 cm long with greyish olive colored feathers covering much of their body except for white underparts and wings marked with black bars on each feather.
Their diet consists mainly of insects but they also feed on fruits such as berries when available in addition to some small invertebrates like beetles or caterpillars.
With an impressive vocal range that includes both calls and songs, these birds make great additions to any garden or aviary.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Pycnonotidae |
| Genus | Hypsipetes |
| Species | H. amaurotis |
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11. White-Backed Woodpecker
The White-backed Woodpecker is a beautiful bird that can be found in Eurasia. It has white plumage on its back, giving it its name.
Its head and wings are grey with black barring while its breast and belly have red speckles across them.
This species was first described by German naturalist Johann Matthäus Bechstein in 1802 who gave it the scientific binomial of Picus leucotos due to the white colouring along its back from the Greek words “leukos” meaning ‘white’ and “-nōtos” which means ‘backed’.
The type locality for this species is Silesia where these birds are still commonly seen today.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Piciformes |
| Family | Picidae |
| Genus | Dendrocopos |
| Species | D. leucotos |
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12. Large-Billed Crow
The Large-billed Crow, also known as Jungle Crow, is a species of crow found throughout Asia. It has adapted to many different food sources and can easily colonize new areas due to its resilience.
This makes it an unwelcome presence in some places, particularly islands where the bird’s numbers can quickly get out of control.
The name macrorhynchos comes from its large bill which sets it apart from other crows living in the same area; this bill helps them break open hard shells or tough skinned fruits with ease.
They have glossy black feathers over their bodies and yellow eyes that make them look very imposing when seen up close.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Corvidae |
| Genus | Corvus |
| Species | C. macrorhynchos |
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13. Steller’s Sea Eagle
Steller’s sea eagle is a majestic bird of prey belonging to the Accipitridae family. It has dark brown plumage with white wings and tail, a yellow beak and talons.
This species typically weighs more than any other type of eagle in its range, making it an impressive sight when soaring through the sky.
The Steller’s sea eagle also goes by other names such as Pacific Sea Eagle or White-shouldered Eagle and was first described by Peter Simon Pallas back in 1811.
These birds are mainly found around coastal areas near lakes, rivers, bays and estuarine habitats across eastern Russia but can sometimes be seen further south along China’s coast too.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Accipitriformes |
| Family | Accipitridae |
| Genus | Haliaeetus |
| Species | H. pelagicus |
14. Grey-Capped Greenfinch
The Grey-capped Greenfinch is a medium-sized finch with grey caps, measuring between 12.5 to 14 cm in length and having a strong bill and short slightly forked tail.
It was first described by the German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin in 1760, who noted its presence from Siberia eastwards along the Himalayas into China.
This species inhabits broadleaf and conifer woodlands of East Palearctic region where it breeds during summer months laying 3 to 5 eggs inside nest built high up in trees or vegetation bushes around them.
They feed on seeds found on ground as well as insects that can be caught from air while fluttering their wings rapidly back and forth like all other small passerine birds do when they fly low over surface of water bodies or grassland hunting prey..Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Fringillidae |
| Subfamily | Carduelinae |
| Genus | Chloris |
| Species | C. sinica |
15. Great Spotted Woodpecker
The Great Spotted Woodpecker is a fascinating bird. It has black and white feathers, with red patches on its lower belly and head or neck depending on whether it’s male or young.
This species inhabits most of the Palearctic region as well as some parts of North Africa.
For much of its range, it remains in one place all year round but may migrate if food sources become limited further north.
Its diet consists mainly of insects found under tree bark along with small amounts of seeds and fruit when available.
Despite being quite vocal they are hard to spot due to their camouflaged feathers which helps protect them from predators like cats and birds-of-prey.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Piciformes |
| Family | Picidae |
| Genus | Dendrocopos |
| Species | D. major |
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16. Black Woodpecker
The black woodpecker is an impressive bird found in mature forests across the northern Palearctic region.
It stands out from other species due to its large size and striking black feathers with white spotting on their wings and tail.
Not only is it one of the largest woodpecker species worldwide but also, interestingly, appears to be expanding its range in Europe and Asia as well.
This non-migratory bird loves spending time amongst trees where they can feed off insects which live within tree trunks or branches; tapping away at them with their strong bills until they get a meal.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Piciformes |
| Family | Picidae |
| Genus | Dryocopus |
| Species | D. martius |
17. Long-Tailed Tit
The Long-tailed tit is a common bird found throughout Europe and the Palearctic. Described by Carl Linnaeus in 1758, it has been given the scientific name Aegithalos caudatus which translates to “long tailed bush-tit”.
These birds are small with white bellies and grey backs. The distinguishing feature of this species is its long tail feathers which give them their name.
They feed on insects such as moths, flies and spiders but also eat seeds from plants like thistles or dandelions.
In cold weather they flock together for warmth while at night they roost inside woodpecker holes or other crevices in trees.
Long-tailed tits build intricately woven nests made of mosses, lichens, spider webs and fur held together by saliva – these can be up to 15 cm wide.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Aegithalidae |
| Genus | Aegithalos |
| Species | A. caudatus |
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18. White-Tailed Eagle
The white-tailed eagle is an impressive species of sea eagle found across temperate Eurasia. This majestic bird belongs to the family Accipitridae, which includes hawks, kites and harriers.
It has a wingspan of up to 2.5 meters and can weigh 4 kilograms or more.
The plumage varies in colour from dark brown above with paler head and neck while its tail is pure white – hence it’s name.
They feed mainly on fish but will also take small mammals, birds and carrion when available.
White-tailed eagles are solitary by nature but form pairs during nesting season typically near bodies of water such as lakes or coasts where they build large stick nests on trees or cliffsides for their young ones to hatch safely in peace.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Accipitriformes |
| Family | Accipitridae |
| Genus | Haliaeetus |
| Species | H. albicilla |
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19. Marsh Tit
The Marsh Tit is a small bird, measuring 12 cm long and weighing only 12 g. It has black crown and nape combined with pale cheeks, brown back as well as greyish-brown wings and tail.
There are 8 to 11 subspecies of this passerine bird in the tit family Paridae that is closely related to Willow Tit, Père David’s Tit, Songar Tits.
They inhabit deciduous or mixed woods with dense undergrowth where they feed on insects along with seeds found amongst dead leaves on ground.
Their nests are built inside tree hollows lined up by feathers while its eggs have white background spotted heavily with reddish-brown markings making them easily identifiable from other birds’.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Paridae |
| Genus | Poecile |
| Species | P. palustris |
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20. Hazel Grouse
The Hazel Grouse is a small bird, belonging to the grouse family of birds. It is widely distributed across the Palearctic region, breeding in dense and damp mixed coniferous forests with some spruce trees.
This sedentary species can be found as far east as Hokkaido and as far west as eastern and central Europe.
It has greyish-brown upperparts with black barred wings while its underparts are pale buff or white heavily streaked by dark markings.
Its tail feathers have broad white tips giving it a distinctive appearance when seen from behind flying away through the air which may help explain why it’s sometimes referred to affectionately by Russians as “rabchick”.
The Hazel Grouse feeds mainly on buds, shoots, seeds of various plants but also insects during summer months for extra protein requirements necessary for growing chicks.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Galliformes |
| Family | Phasianidae |
| Genus | Tetrastes |
| Species | T. bonasia |
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21. Pelagic Cormorant
The pelagic cormorant, also known as Baird’s cormorant or violet-green cormorant, is a small member of the Phalacrocoracidae family and is often referred to as the Pelagic Shag.
It inhabits coastal areas and open oceans throughout Northern Pacific regions. These birds are relatively small in size with a dark greyish body and bright blue eyes which can be seen from far away distances.
Their wingspan extends up to two feet wide allowing them to glide through air currents at rapid speeds while they hunt fish for food.
They have an impressive diving ability that allows them to plunge underwater depths reaching 30 meters deep.
The pelagic cormorants are quite social creatures who live together in large flocks during both summer and winter months providing safety in numbers when hunting prey beneath the waves of their ocean home.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Suliformes |
| Family | Phalacrocoracidae |
| Genus | Urile |
| Species | U. pelagicus |
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22. Japanese Waxwing
The Japanese Waxwing is a small passerine bird found in the East Palaearctic. It has an overall pinkish-brown plumage, and measures around 18 cm long. During summer it primarily feeds on fruits and berries but also eats insects to supplement its diet.
The nest is built by constructing cup of twigs lined with grass or moss on trees for breeding purposes.
In winter, they migrate southward from Japan following food sources such as mulberries, cherries and other berry-bearing trees across China into Southeast Asia where temperatures are more temperate than their native homeland.
This unique species continues to fascinate both ornithologists and birdwatchers alike due to its captivating colouration, distinctive call notes and migratory behaviour patterns.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Bombycillidae |
| Genus | Bombycilla |
| Species | B. japonica |
23. Ural Owl
The Ural owl is a majestic nocturnal bird of the Strigidae family. It has an impressive wingspan, usually between 28 to 38 inches wide.
This species can be seen throughout much of Eurasia, from northern Scandinavia and Scotland all the way east across Russia into Korea and Japan; it even reaches southern parts of Mongolia.
The Ural owl sports brown feathers with white spots that help it blend in with its environment during the day making it difficult for predators or humans alike to spot them easily.
These owls also have large yellow eyes which helps them hunt better at night by being able to see their prey more clearly in dim light conditions.
All these features combined make the Ural owl one truly remarkable creature.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Strigiformes |
| Family | Strigidae |
| Genus | Strix |
| Species | S. uralensis |
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24. Pine Grosbeak
Pine grosbeak is a beautiful bird found across Alaska, western US, Canada and Fennoscandia to Siberia. It belongs to the family of true finch and it is the only species in its genus Pinicola.
This frugivorous bird has bright red feathers on its head and wings with yellowish white underparts that make it very attractive.
During winter season they feed mostly on small fruits like rowans, blueberries etc., while during summer months their diet consists mainly of insects.
They are shy birds but can be seen perched at high branches or singing from the topmost trees if you look carefully enough.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Fringillidae |
| Subfamily | Carduelinae |
| Genus | Pinicola Vieillot, 1808 |
| Species | P. enucleator |
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25. Whooper Swan
The whooper swan is a majestic bird native to the northern hemisphere. Its wingspan can reach up to 2 meters and it has distinctively curved neck and beak, along with black legs and feet.
It is the Eurasian counterpart of its North American cousin, the trumpeter swan, both belonging to genus Cygnus.
Historically known as “the Elk” or “Hooper” by ornithologists in 1676 according to Francis Willughby and John Ray’s Ornithology , this species of wild swans are often seen gracefully flying over lakes with their long necks outstretched while honking loudly.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Anseriformes |
| Family | Anatidae |
| Genus | Cygnus |
| Species | C. cygnus |
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26. Common Gull
The Common Gull, also known as the Sea Mew, is a medium-sized bird native to northern Europe. It’s closely related to the Short-Billed Gull and both species are sometimes referred to collectively as “Mew Gull”.
During winter months many Common Gulls migrate further south in search of warmer climates.
The exact origin of its vernacular name remains uncertain but it may have something to do with its call which resembles that of a cat meowing.
Its plumage consists mostly of grey and white feathers along with black wingtips making it easily identifiable amongst other gull species.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Charadriiformes |
| Family | Laridae |
| Genus | Larus |
| Species | L. canus |
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27. Grey-Tailed Tattler
The Grey-tailed Tattler is a small shorebird belonging to the genus Tringa. It has an unmistakable noisy call, which gives it its name.
These birds are found in coastal areas of Siberia and Polynesia, as well as some other places around Asia and Australia.
They have mottled grey plumage with darker wings, white bellies and long yellow legs; they also have distinctive black stripes on their necks that run down onto their chests.
The Grey-tailed Tattler feeds mainly on aquatic insects or worms at low tide but will sometimes take seeds from plants when available too.
During breeding season these birds nest near water bodies such as rivers or creeks in shallow depressions lined with leaves made by both parents who then share incubation duties for about three weeks until the eggs hatch after which time both males and females help raise young chicks before they fledge within about 30 days of hatching.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Charadriiformes |
| Family | Scolopacidae |
| Genus | Tringa |
| Species | T. brevipes |
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28. Rhinoceros Auklet
The Rhinoceros auklet is an interesting seabird which is closely related to puffins. It’s the only living species of its genus, Cerorhinca, so it has been proposed that this bird be called a “rhinoceros puffin”.
This unique bird can be found in the North Pacific and feeds on small fish while nesting in colonies. Its name comes from the horn-like extension on its bill, although not all birds have one.
These little birds are known for their bright yellow eyes and white belly patches as well as their black heads and wings with light grey feathers around them.
All in all, these intriguing creatures make great additions to any beach or ocean scene.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Charadriiformes |
| Family | Alcidae |
| Genus | Cerorhinca |
| Species | C. monocerata |
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29. Ancient Murrelet
The Ancient Murrelet is a small seabird in the Auk family. This species has an unmistakable appearance, with its grey shawl-like back and white underparts.
It can also be identified by its call which resembles that of a common guillemot. The origin of their name remains uncertain but it may come from this distinctive sound they make when communicating with others.
They are found mainly around the coastal waters of North Pacific Ocean, particularly off parts of Alaska and Canada where food sources abound for them to feed on such as fish, molluscs and planktonic crustaceans.
These birds form large breeding colonies during springtime so they can protect themselves against predators more effectively while raising their young ones until independence comes at 6 weeks old.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Charadriiformes |
| Family | Alcidae |
| Genus | Synthliboramphus |
| Species | S. antiquus |
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30. Spectacled Guillemot
The Spectacled Guillemot is a medium-sized seabird belonging to the auk family. It is around 38 cm long, with red legs and black bill, plus an all-black iris giving it its unique name.
During breeding season they have sooty-black plumage apart from white “spectacles” on their face which makes them easy to identify at this time of year.
Out of mating season they become more plain in colouring; their underneaths are then whitish throughout and tipped very slightly greyish above.
They live near coastal areas mostly along rocky coasts but also inshore waters such as bays or estuaries where there’s plenty for them to feed on like fish and crustaceans – making these birds excellent swimmers.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Charadriiformes |
| Family | Alcidae |
| Genus | Cepphus |
| Species | C. carbo |
31. Glaucous-Winged Gull
The Glaucous-winged Gull is a large white-headed bird that belongs to the Larus genus. It has grey wings, which gives it its name – glaucescens – derived from Ancient Greek and describing this coloration.
This species of gull prefers coastal areas, rarely venturing far away from the ocean’s waters. As such, they can be found in western Canada, Alaska and parts of northern Asia down through Japan into Mexico.
The Glaucous-winged Gulls are often seen scavenging for food around beaches or fishing boats as well as nesting on islands off British Columbia during summer months.
They have adapted very well to urban environments too; their intelligent nature making them quick learners when dealing with humans.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Charadriiformes |
| Family | Laridae |
| Genus | Larus |
| Species | L. glaucescens |
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32. Slaty-Backed Gull
The Slaty-backed Gull is a large, white-headed seabird that has adapted to live along the coasts of Eastern Palearctic. During nonbreeding seasons it travels widely in search of food and can often be found around coastal areas, islands and even estuaries.
It is similar to other gull species such as Western Gulls and Glaucous Winged Gulls due to its almost identical size and plumage coloration but differs by having darker grey upper wings with black wing tips instead.
Its alternate name “Pacific Gull” refers only to this particular species rather than any others which share the same common name.
These birds feed mainly on fish, mollusks or small invertebrates they find near the shoreline making them an important part of their local ecosystems helping keep populations of these prey items under control while also providing sustenance for humans through fishing activities targeting these creatures too.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Charadriiformes |
| Family | Laridae |
| Genus | Larus |
| Species | L. schistisagus |
33. Black-Tailed Gull
The black-tailed gull is a medium sized bird native to the shorelines of East Asia. It has yellow legs and a red and black spot at the end of its bill, distinguishing it from other species in the area.
Males are larger than females but both have identical features otherwise; males measuring 46 cm tall with wingspans between 126 – 128 cm wide, while females typically measure smaller than this.
This type of gull takes four years to reach full maturity when they become white headed adults for breeding season which occurs annually in May or June.
They usually lay two eggs during that time and can be seen flying around coasts all over East Asia even outside their mating period.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Charadriiformes |
| Family | Laridae |
| Genus | Larus |
| Species | L. crassirostris |
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34. Crested Kingfisher
The Crested Kingfisher is a very large bird, native to parts of southern Asia stretching eastwards from the Indian Subcontinent to Japan.
It forms a species complex with three other Megaceryle species and was first formally described by Dutch zoologist Coenraad Jacob Temminck in 1834.
The Kingfisher has an impressive size ranging between 28-33 cm long and can weigh up to 85 gms. Its distinctive crest adds beauty as it gives them their name ‘Crested’.
They have bright blue upperparts along with white underparts, reddish bill and legs; often making its presence known through loud callings that echo across forests or wetlands they inhabit.
Their diet mainly consists of fish but also includes insects, crustaceans & frogs which are all caught using its sharp beak.
All in all this beautiful yet powerful creature makes for one interesting sighting out there.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Coraciiformes |
| Family | Alcedinidae |
| Subfamily | Cerylinae |
| Genus | Megaceryle |
| Species | M. lugubris |
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35. Red-Faced Cormorant
The Red-faced Cormorant is a species of bird from the Phalacrocoracidae family. It can be found in Japan, Korea, the Kuril Islands, Kamchatka Peninsula and Aleutian Arc to Alaska’s Gulf of Alaska.
The bird was formally described by German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin in 1789.
This medium sized seabird has black feathers with an orange face and throat patch above its bill along with light green eyes that stand out against its dark head plumage.
During breeding season they will gather together on cliffs or nesting colonies close to rocky shores where they build nests using seaweed twigs or grasses lined with downy material taken from their body feathers for insulation purposes.
They feed mainly on fish but also take crustaceans as well as small squid when available during certain times of year.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Suliformes |
| Family | Phalacrocoracidae |
| Genus | Urile |
| Species | U. urile |
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36. Pacific Swift
The Pacific Swift is a species of bird belonging to the swift family. It has an unmistakable shape and black plumage, making it easily recognizable.
The white rump band along with heavily marked underparts are what distinguishes it from its relative, the common swift.
This beautiful bird breeds in eastern Asia and migrates during winter season towards Southeast Asia as well as Australia.
Its diet consists mainly of insects which they capture while flying at high speeds through the air; this allows them to cover long distances quickly when migrating or searching for food sources such as swarms of flies or other small animals like grasshoppers and beetles.
They usually live in large colonies near water bodies so that their prey can be found nearby without much effort on their part.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Apodiformes |
| Family | Apodidae |
| Genus | Apus |
| Species | A. pacificus |
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37. Eastern Marsh Harrier
The Eastern marsh harrier is a bird of prey that belongs to the harrier group. It is similar to the Western marsh harrier, but is now classified as a separate species.
There are two subspecies of the Eastern marsh harrier – C. s. spilonotus in eastern Asia and C. s. spilothorax in New Guinea. It is a skilled hunter, known for its ability to catch prey in mid-air.
The Eastern marsh harrier’s habitat is usually wetlands and marshes. It is a migratory bird and can be found in countries like China, Japan, and Russia.
The Eastern marsh harrier is an important predator in its ecosystem and helps to maintain a balance in the food chain.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Accipitriformes |
| Family | Accipitridae |
| Genus | Circus |
| Species | C. spilonotus |
38. Red-Necked Stint
The Red-necked stint is a migratory wader known for its small size. It is often compared to the Little stint due to its similar appearance.
The bird’s genus name, Calidris, refers to grey-coloured waterside birds, according to Aristotle.
The Latin word rufus, meaning “red,” and collum, meaning “neck,” comprise the bird’s specific name ruficollis.
These tiny birds are known for their vibrant colors and are easily recognizable due to their distinct red necks.
They are also known for their remarkable migration patterns, flying long distances during breeding and non-breeding seasons.
Despite their small stature, Red-necked stints are impressive birds with a fascinating history.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Charadriiformes |
| Family | Scolopacidae |
| Genus | Calidris |
| Species | C. ruficollis |
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39. Bull-Headed Shrike
The Bull-headed shrike is a bird that can be found in eastern Asia. It belongs to the shrike family, Laniidae. It is about 19-20 cm long and the male has a brown crown, a white eyebrow, and a black mask.
The back of the Bull-headed shrike is grey-brown, while the wings are dark with a white patch.
Its flanks have a rufous color, and the rest of the underparts are whitish with fine barring. Female Bull-headed shrikes look similar to the males.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Laniidae |
| Genus | Lanius |
| Species | L. bucephalus |
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40. Japanese Tit
The Japanese tit, scientifically known as Parus minor, is a small passerine bird. It is commonly found in Japan and the Russian Far East beyond the Amur River.
Originally believed to be a subspecies of the great tit, further studies revealed that the two species coexist in the region without interbreeding or mixing.
Also known as the Oriental tit, this feathered creature is known for its striking black and white plumage, contrasting colors, and a small beak.
Its diet consists of insects, seeds, and suet, and it is known to forage actively in trees or on the ground. With a weight of only 8-10 grams, the Japanese tit is considered among the smallest bird species.
Despite its size, it is a vocal bird that produces clear whistles, trills, and calls. The Japanese tit is a common sight in parks, gardens, and wooded areas of its range.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Paridae |
| Genus | Parus |
| Species | P. minor |
41. White-Cheeked Starling
The White-cheeked starling, also known as the grey starling or Spodiopsar cineraceus, is a bird belonging to the starling family found in eastern Asia where it is a common and well-known species.
Its length is 24 cm. Typically, it is placed in the genus Spodiopsar. The adult male is mostly dark grey-brown with a lighter belly and a whitish band across the rump. Its head has white cheeks.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Sturnidae |
| Genus | Spodiopsar |
| Species | S. cineraceus |
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42. Latham’s Snipe
Latham’s snipe, also called the Japanese snipe, is a migratory bird found in the East Asian-Australasian Flyway. This medium-sized bird has a long bill that distinguishes it from other species.
The snipe’s plumage is a combination of black, brown, buff, and white, giving it a cryptic pattern. The bird is about 29-33 cm long, with a wingspan of 50-54 cm, and weighs between 150-230 g.
Despite being identifiable as a Gallinago snipe, it is challenging to distinguish it from Swinhoe’s snipe.
As a migratory species, the Latham’s snipe travels to different regions to breed and feed.
The breeding area is located in East Asia, while the non-breeding place is found in Southeast Asia and Australia. This bird species relies mainly on wetland habitats to thrive and survive.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Charadriiformes |
| Family | Scolopacidae |
| Genus | Gallinago |
| Species | G. hardwickii |
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43. Japanese Wagtail
The Japanese wagtail bird belongs to the Motacillidae family and is found in Japan and Korea. These birds measure about 20 cm in length and have black upperparts, throats, and backs, with white underparts and supercilia.
They also have black beaks and dark grey legs and feet. Juvenile Japanese wagtails have greyer plumage. The sexes look similar in appearance.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Motacillidae |
| Genus | Motacilla |
| Species | M. grandis |
44. Grey Bunting
The Grey bunting is a small bird that can be found breeding in parts of Russia and Japan, and migrates to southern Japan and the Nansei archipelago. This species prefers living in boreal and temperate forests.
The males and females have different appearances, with the males having a greyish-blue head and back, while the females have a brownish head and back. Their eggs are small and spotted.
This bird belongs to the family Emberizidae and is known for its song that is often described as a musical trill.
Overall, the Grey bunting is a charming and unique species of bird that can be found in eastern Asia.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Emberizidae |
| Genus | Emberiza |
| Species | E. variabilis |
45. Asian Rosy Finch
The Asian rosy finch is a lovely species of finch that can be found in Mongolia and the East Palearctic region. During the winter, it migrates to Manchuria, Korea, Sakhalin and Japan.
This species prefers to dwell in tundra and temperate grassland habitats. The Asian rosy finch is part of a group of Arid-Zone Carduelini finches, which also includes the Carpodacus rosy-finch.
Interestingly, genetic testing has confirmed that the Asian rosy finch belongs to this particular group of finches. With its striking appearance, this bird is sure to capture the attention of any birdwatcher.Scientific classification:
| Kingdom | Animalia |
| Phylum | Chordata |
| Class | Aves |
| Order | Passeriformes |
| Family | Fringillidae |
| Subfamily | Carduelinae |
| Genus | Leucosticte |
| Species | L. arctoa |
